In cyber-physical systems (CPS), physical behaviors are typically controlled by digital hardware. As a consequence, continuous behaviors are discretized by sampling and quantization prior to their processing. Quantifying the similarity between CPS behaviors and their specification is an important ingredient in evaluating correctness and quality of such systems. We propose a novel procedure for measuring robustness between digitized CPS signals and signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. We first equip STL with quantitative semantics based on the weighted edit distance, a metric that quantifies both space and time mismatches between digitized CPS behaviors. We then develop a dynamic programming algorithm for computing the robustness degree between digitized signals and STL specifications. In order to promote hardware-based monitors we implemented our approach in FPGA. We evaluated it on automotive benchmarks defined by research community, and also on realistic data obtained from magnetic sensor used in modern cars.

中文翻译：

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使用编辑距离对 STL 进行定量监控

在网络物理系统 (CPS) 中，物理行为通常由数字硬件控制。因此，连续行为在处理之前通过采样和量化进行离散化。量化 CPS 行为与其规范之间的相似性是评估此类系统的正确性和质量的重要因素。我们提出了一种新的程序来测量数字化 CPS 信号和信号时序逻辑 (STL) 规范之间的稳健性。我们首先为 STL 配备基于加权编辑距离的定量语义，这是一种量化数字化 CPS 行为之间的空间和时间不匹配的度量标准。然后，我们开发了一种动态规划算法，用于计算数字化信号和 STL 规范之间的稳健程度。为了推广基于硬件的监视器，我们在 FPGA 中实施了我们的方法。我们根据研究界定义的汽车基准以及从现代汽车中使用的磁传感器获得的实际数据对其进行了评估。