ABSTRACT We developed a rapid-test to screen for effects of biochar on seed germination and soils. Crop seeds were placed in containers and covered with 15 g of soil with 1% biochar by weight. Two agricultural soils from South Carolina USA were used. Eighteen biochars were produced from six primary feedstocks [pine chips (PC), poultry litter (PL), swine solids (SS), switchgrass (SG); and two blends of PC and PL, 50% PC/50% PL (55), and 80% PC/20% PL (82)]. Each feedstock was pyrolyzed at 350, 500 and 700°C. There were few biochar effects on seed germination. Shoot dry weight was increased for carrot, cucumber, lettuce, oat, and tomato; primarily with biochars containing PL. Soil pH, electrical conductivity and extractable phosphorus primarily increased with PL, SS, 55, and 82 treatments for both soil types and across species. This method can be an early indicator of biochar effects on seed germination and soil health.

中文翻译：

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一种筛选生物炭对种子萌发影响的快速试验

摘要 我们开发了一种快速测试来筛选生物炭对种子萌发和土壤的影响。作物种子被放置在容器中，并用 15 克含有 1% 生物炭重量的土壤覆盖。使用了来自美国南卡罗来纳州的两种农业土壤。十八种生物炭由六种主要原料生产 [松木屑 (PC)、家禽垫料 (PL)、猪固体 (SS)、柳枝稷 (SG)；PC 和 PL 的两种混合物，50% PC/50% PL (55) 和 80% PC/20% PL (82)]。每种原料在 350、500 和 700°C 下热解。生物炭对种子萌发的影响很小。胡萝卜、黄瓜、生菜、燕麦和番茄的茎干重增加；主要使用含有 PL 的生物炭。对于土壤类型和跨物种，土壤 pH 值、电导率和可提取磷主要随着 PL、SS、55 和 82 处理而增加。