The 1000 Bull Genomes Project is a collection of whole-genome sequences from 2,703 individuals capturing a significant proportion of the world's cattle diversity. So far, 84 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 2.5 million small insertion deletions have been identified in the collection, a very high level of genetic diversity. The project has greatly accelerated the identification of deleterious mutations for a range of genetic diseases, as well as for embryonic lethals. The rate of identification of causal mutations for complex traits has been slower, reflecting the typically small effect size of these mutations and the fact that many are likely in as-yet-unannotated regulatory regions. Both the deleterious mutations that have been identified and the mutations associated with complex trait variation have been included in low-cost SNP array designs, and these arrays are being genotyped in tens of thousands of dairy and beef cattle, enabling management of deleterious mutations in these populations as well as genomic selection.

中文翻译：

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1000 Bull基因组计划，绘制牛的简单和复杂遗传特征：应用和成果。

“ 1000公牛基因组计划”是一个由2703个个体组成的全基因组序列的集合，这些个体捕获了世界上很大一部分的牛群。到目前为止，已在集合中鉴定出8400万个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和250万个小插入缺失，这是非常高的遗传多样性水平。该项目极大地加快了对一系列遗传疾病以及胚胎致死性有害突变的鉴定。复杂性状的因果突变的识别速度较慢，这反映了这些突变的典型效应量很小，而且事实表明许多突变可能仍在尚未注释的调控区域中。