Conservation genomics aims to preserve the viability of populations and the biodiversity of living organisms. Invertebrate organisms represent 95% of animal biodiversity; however, few genomic resources currently exist for the group. The subset of marine invertebrates includes the most ancient metazoan lineages and possesses codes for unique gene products and possible keys to adaptation. The benefits of supporting invertebrate conservation genomics research (e.g., likely discovery of novel genes, protein regulatory mechanisms, genomic innovations, and transposable elements) outweigh the various hurdles (rare, small, or polymorphic starting materials). Here we review best conservation genomics practices in the laboratory and in silico when applied to marine invertebrates and also showcase unique features in several case studies of acroporid corals, crown-of-thorns starfish, apple snails, and abalone. Marine conservation genomics should also address how diversity can lead to unique marine innovations, the impact of deleterious variation, and how genomic monitoring and profiling could positively affect broader conservation goals (e.g., value of baseline data for in situ/ex situ genomic stocks).

中文翻译：

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海洋无脊椎动物保护基因组学的多个方面。

保护基因组学旨在保护人口的生存能力和生物的生物多样性。无脊椎动物占动物生物多样性的95％；但是，目前该小组的基因组资源很少。海洋无脊椎动物的子集包括最古老的后生动物世系，并拥有独特基因产物的密码和可能的适应关键。支持无脊椎动物保护基因组学研究的好处（例如，可能发现新基因，蛋白质调节机制，基因组创新和转座因子）胜过各种障碍（稀有，小的或多态的起始材料）。在这里，我们将介绍在实验室和计算机模拟中应用于海洋无脊椎动物的最佳保护基因组学实践，并在一些对棘孢珊瑚的案例研究中展示其独特功能，荆棘冠冕海星，苹果蜗牛和鲍鱼。海洋保护基因组学还应该解决多样性如何导致独特的海洋创新，有害变异的影响以及基因组监测和概况分析如何对更广泛的保护目标产生积极影响（例如，原位/非原位基因组种群基线数据的价值）。