The reports in 1993 that naked DNA encoding viral genes conferred protective immunity came as a surprise to most vaccinologists. This review analyses the expanding number of examples where plasmid DNA induces immune responses. Issues such as the type of immunity induced, mechanisms of immune protection, and how DNA vaccines compare with other approaches are emphasized. Additional issues discussed include the likely means by which DNA vaccines induce CTL, how the potency and type of immunity induced can be modified, and whether DNA vaccines represent a practical means of manipulating unwanted immune response occurring during immunoinflammatory diseases. It seems doubtful if DNA vaccines will replace currently effective vaccines, but they may prove useful for prophylactic use against some agents that at present lack an effective vaccine. DNA vaccines promise to be valuable to manipulate the immune response in situations where responses to agents are inappropriate or ineffective.

中文翻译：

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DNA疫苗-现代Gi头还是疫苗学的福音？

1993年的报告称，编码病毒基因的裸DNA赋予保护性免疫力，这使大多数疫苗接种者感到惊讶。这篇综述分析了质粒DNA诱导免疫反应的实例数量的增加。强调了诸如诱导的免疫类型，免疫保护机制以及DNA疫苗与其他方法的比较之类的问题。讨论的其他问题包括DNA疫苗诱导CTL的可能方法，如何改变诱导的免疫力的强度和类型，以及DNA疫苗是否代表操纵免疫炎性疾病期间发生的有害免疫反应的实用方法。DNA疫苗是否会替代目前有效的疫苗似乎值得怀疑，但是对于预防目前缺乏有效疫苗的某些药物，DNA疫苗可能被证明对预防性使用很有用。