In the present study, we examine the relationship between involvement in the criminal justice system and achieved socioeconomic status (SES), as well as the moderating effect of ascribed SES. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we find a nonlinear relationship between criminal justice involvement and achieved SES, such that deeper involvement leads to increasingly negative consequences on achieved SES. Furthermore, those coming from the highest socioeconomic backgrounds are not "protected" from the deleterious consequences of system involvement, but instead experience the greatest declines in achieved SES relative to where they started. In contrast, the effect of criminal justice involvement for those from below average ascribed SES is not significant. Our findings reinforce how normal such experiences are for people with the fewest resources, and also how system involvement inevitably destroys human capital, undermines future life chances, and ultimately promotes a "rabble" class.

中文翻译：

---

你拥有的越多，你失去的就越多：刑事司法的参与、归因的社会经济地位和实现的 SES

在本研究中，我们研究了刑事司法系统的参与与获得的社会经济地位 (SES) 之间的关系，以及归因 SES 的调节作用。使用国家青少年到成人健康纵向研究的数据，我们发现刑事司法参与与实现的 SES 之间存在非线性关系，因此更深入的参与会对实现的 SES 产生越来越多的负面影响。此外，那些来自最高社会经济背景的人并没有“受到保护”免受系统参与的有害后果，而是相对于他们开始的地方，所实现的 SES 下降幅度最大。相比之下，刑事司法介入对低于平均水平的社会经济地位者的影响并不显着。