This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the particle scale mechanisms that underpin creep, on-going deformations under constant external load, in dry non-cemented sand under 1D oedometric compression loading at 2500 kPa. Traditional observations on the boundary of the sample are complemented with simultaneous measurements of the 3D kinematics of both the entire grain assembly and details of grain-scale mechanisms using synchrotron based X-ray tomography at two different spatial resolutions. Both the continuum response and the local grain scale response are captured using two spatial resolutions, i.e. \({6.5}\,{\upmu }\hbox {m}\) and \({0.65}\,{\upmu }\hbox {m}\) respectively. The results, for the first time, illustrate that small displacements measured at the boundary can be the result of rather pronounced fracturing at the individual grain scale.

中文翻译：

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窥探沙子中蠕变的起源。

本文介绍了对在2500 kPa一维测压压缩载荷下干燥的非水泥砂中蠕变，在恒定外部载荷下持续变形的颗粒尺度机理进行实验研究的结果。使用基于同步加速器的X射线断层扫描在两个不同的空间分辨率下，通过同时测量整个谷物组件的3D运动学和晶粒尺度机制的细节，可以补充对样品边界的传统观察。连续响应和局部粒度响应都使用两个空间分辨率捕获，即 \（{6.5} \，{\ upmu} \ hbox {m} \）和\（{0.65} \，{\ upmu} \ hbox {m} \）分别。结果首次表明，在边界处测得的小位移可能是各个晶粒尺度上相当明显的断裂的结果。