This study aimed to demonstrate the histopathology and immunoexpression of exercise-derived myokines in dentate gyrus (DG), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and cerebellum of depressed Wistar rats during depression and after practising voluntary running. Depression was developed by forced swimming for 2 weeks. Voluntary running was performed by voluntary running for 3 weeks. Brain sections were processed and immunostained to detect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). ImageJ software was used to measure the optical density (OD). BDNF was expressed in neurons in DG, mPFC and granular and Purkinje cells in cerebellum. MIF was expressed in neurons of sub-granular zone in DG, mPFC and Purkinje cells. VEGF was expressed in many neurons in DG, mPFC and Purkinje cells. IL-6 was expressed in some neurons in DG, in neuropil of mPFC and in Purkinje cells. In depression, the OD of studied myokines significantly decreased in all examined areas. After voluntary running, the OD of myokines significantly increased in all areas. This study defines the immunohistochemical expression of myokines in brain areas in depression and after voluntary running and reveals the involvement of the mPFC and cerebellum in the pathophysiology of depression.

中文翻译：

---

自愿跑步对抑郁症大鼠脑中肌动蛋白表达的影响。

这项研究旨在证明在抑郁症患者和自愿锻炼后，抑郁症的Wistar大鼠的齿状回（DG），内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）和小脑的运动源性肌因子的组织病理学和免疫表达。强迫游泳2周可导致抑郁。通过自愿跑步进行自愿跑步3周。处理脑切片并进行免疫染色以检测脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子（MIF），血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和白介素6（IL-6）。使用ImageJ软件测量光密度（OD）。BDNF在DG，mPFC的神经元以及小脑的颗粒细胞和Purkinje细胞中表达。MIF在DG，mPFC和Purkinje细胞的亚颗粒区神经元中表达。VEGF在DG，mPFC和Purkinje细胞的许多神经元中表达。IL-6在DG中的某些神经元，mPFC的神经纤维和Purkinje细胞中表达。在抑郁症中，在所有检查的区域中，研究的肌动蛋白的OD均显着降低。自愿跑步后，所有地区的肌动蛋白OD值均显着增加。这项研究定义了抑郁症和自愿跑步后大脑区域中肌动蛋白的免疫组织化学表达，并揭示了mPFC和小脑参与抑郁症的病理生理。