BACKGROUND Active travel for utilitarian purposes contributes to total physical activity and may help counter the obesity epidemic. However, the evidence linking active travel and individual-level body weight is equivocal. Statistical modeling that accounts for spatial autocorrelation and unmeasured spatial predictors has not yet used to explore whether the health benefits of active travel are shared equally across socioeconomic groups. METHODS Bayesian hierarchical models with spatial random effects were developed using travel survey data from Saskatoon, Canada (N = 4625). Differences in log-transformed body mass index (BMI) were estimated for levels of active travel use (vehicular travel only, mixed vehicular/active travel, and active travel only), household income, and neighbourhood deprivation after controlling for sociodemographic and physical activity variables. The modifying effect of household income on the association between active travel and BMI was also evaluated. RESULTS Significant and meaningful decreases in BMI were observed for mixed (β = - 0.02, CrI - 0.036 to - 0.004) and active only (β = - 0.043, CrI - 0.06 to - 0.025) compared to vehicular only travelers. BMI was significantly associated with levels of household income and neighbourhood deprivation. Accounting for the interaction between travel mode and household income, decreases in BMI were observed for active only compared to vehicular only travellers in the highest income category (β = - 0.061, CrI - 0.115 to - 0.007). CONCLUSION Strategies to increase active travel use can support healthy weight loss and maintenance, but the opportunity to benefit from active travel use may be limited by low income. Considerations should be given to how interventions to increase active transportation might exacerbate social inequalities in BMI. Spatial statistical models are needed to account for unmeasured but spatially structured neighbourhood factors.

中文翻译：

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加拿大城市居民样本中的家庭收入，积极出行及其对体重指数的相互作用：贝叶斯空间分析。

背景技术出于实用目的的主动旅行有助于整体的身体活动，并且可以帮助抵抗肥胖病的流行。但是，将主动旅行与个人体重联系起来的证据是模棱两可的。尚未考虑用于统计空间自相关和无法测量的空间预测因子的统计模型来探索主动出行的健康益处是否在社会经济群体之间平均分配。方法使用来自加拿大萨斯卡通的旅行调查数据（N = 4625）开发了具有空间随机效应的贝叶斯分层模型。对于主动旅行的使用水平（仅车辆旅行，仅混合的车辆/主动旅行和仅主动旅行），家庭收入，对数转化后的体重指数（BMI）进行了估算，和控制社会人口统计学和体育活动变量后的邻里剥夺。还评估了家庭收入对主动出行与BMI之间关联性的影响。结果与仅旅行的旅行者相比，混合型（β=-0.02，CrI-0.036至-0.004）和仅活动（β=-0.043，CrI-0.06至-0.025）的BMI显着降低。BMI与家庭收入水平和邻里剥夺水平显着相关。考虑到出行方式与家庭收入之间的相互作用，与仅收入最高的类别中仅车辆出行者相比，仅主动出行者的BMI下降（β=-0.061，CrI-0.115至-0.007）。结论增加主动出行的策略可以支持健康的减肥和维持健康，但是低收入可能会限制人们从积极的旅行中受益。应该考虑增加主动交通的干预措施如何加剧BMI中的社会不平等。需要空间统计模型来说明未测量但空间结构化的邻域因素。