Purpose. This study aimed to determine the relation between electroclinical features and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibody titers in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. Method. Clinical symptoms and electroencephalography (EEG) at different stages were analyzed in 51 hospitalized patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Results. Behavioral changes were the initial symptoms in 90.9% (20/22) of female patients with high (1:10 or 1:32) CSF antibody titers. A greater number of clinical symptoms were observed in the patients with high CSF antibody titers than in those with low (1:1 or 1:3.2) CSF antibody titers (mean 3.11 ± 1.06 vs 1.62 ± 0.65, P = .000). The number of clinical symptoms was greater in the female patients than in the male patients (mean 3.52 ± 0.98 vs 2.69 ± 1.09, P = .000). At the peak stage, worse background activity (BA) in EEG recordings was observed in patients with high CSF antibody titers than in those with low CSF antibody titers (Mann-Whitney U test, P = .001). The peak-stage BA in EEG was worse in female patients than in male patients (Mann-Whitney U test, P = .000). Modified Rankin scale scores were higher in patients with high CSF antibody titers than in those with low CSF antibody titers (mean 2.62 ± 1.42 vs 0.75 ± 0.97, P = .000). Brush patterns and constant chewing were observed primarily in female patients with high CSF antibody titers. Epileptic discharges were located predominately in the frontal regions and were noted to vary. Conclusion. The electroclinical features of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were associated with gender and CSF antibody titers.

中文翻译：

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抗NMDAR脑炎患者电临床特征与脑脊液抗体滴度的关系分析

目的。本研究旨在确定抗 N-甲基-d-天冬氨酸受体 (anti-NMDAR) 脑炎患者的电临床特征与脑脊液 (CSF) 抗体滴度之间的关系。方法。分析51例抗NMDAR脑炎住院患者不同阶段的临床症状和脑电图（EEG）。结果。行为改变是 90.9% (20/22) 具有高 (1:10 或 1:32) CSF 抗体滴度的女性患者的初始症状。与低（1:1 或 1:3.2）CSF 抗体滴度的患者相比，在具有高 CSF 抗体滴度的患者中观察到更多的临床症状（平均 3.11 ± 1.06 vs 1.62 ± 0.65，P = .000）。女性患者的临床症状数量多于男性患者（平均 3.52 ± 0.98 vs 2.69 ± 1.09，P = .000）。在巅峰期，在脑电图记录中观察到的背景活动 (BA) 在具有高 CSF 抗体滴度的患者中比在低 CSF 抗体滴度的患者中更差（Mann-Whitney U 检验，P = .001）。女性患者的 EEG 峰值阶段 BA 比男性患者更差（Mann-Whitney U 检验，P = .000）。CSF 抗体滴度高的患者的改良 Rankin 量表评分高于 CSF 抗体滴度低的患者（平均 2.62 ± 1.42 vs 0.75 ± 0.97，P = .000）。主要在具有高 CSF 抗体滴度的女性患者中观察到刷牙模式和持续咀嚼。癫痫放电主要位于额叶区域，并且有所不同。结论。抗 NMDAR 脑炎患者的电临床特征与性别和脑脊液抗体滴度相关。