This historical analysis indicates that it is highly unlikely that the Nobel Prize winning research of Hermann J. Muller was peer-reviewed. The published paper of Muller lacked a research methods section, cited no references, and failed to acknowledge and discuss the work of Gager and Blakeslee (PNAS 13:75-79, 1927) that claimed to have induced gene mutation via ionizing radiation six months prior to Muller's non-data Science paper (Muller, Science 66(1699):84-87, 1927a). Despite being well acclimated into the scientific world of peer-review, Muller choose to avoid the peer-review process on his most significant publication. It appears that Muller's actions were strongly influenced by his desire to claim primacy for the discovery of gene mutation. The actions of Muller have important ethical lessons and implications today, when self-interest trumps one's obligations to society and the scientific culture that supports the quest for new knowledge and discovery.

中文翻译：

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Muller 于 1946 年获得诺贝尔奖的辐射诱导基因突变研究经过了同行评审吗？


这一历史分析表明，赫尔曼·穆勒获得诺贝尔奖的研究不太可能经过同行评审。 Muller 发表的论文缺乏研究方法部分，没有引用任何参考文献，也没有承认和讨论 Gager 和 Blakeslee (PNAS 13:75-79, 1927) 声称六个月前通过电离辐射诱导基因突变的工作Muller 的非数据科学论文（Muller, Science 66(1699):84-87, 1927a）。尽管穆勒已经很好地适应了同行评审的科学世界，但他还是选择避免对他最重要的出版物进行同行评审。穆勒的行为似乎受到他想要在基因突变发现方面占据主导地位的强烈影响。如今，当个人利益超越了对社会和支持寻求新知识和发现的科学文化的义务时，穆勒的行为具有重要的道德教训和影响。