BACKGROUND The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the effects of congenitally missing teeth on craniofacial morphology and to characterize the features of maxillofacial morphology of oligodontia patients associated with individual skeletal maturity by assessment with the cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) method. METHODS A total of 106 non-syndromic Japanese patients with congenitally missing teeth (except for third molars) were selected and categorized into two groups according to the severity of congenitally missing teeth (hypodontia group, 1-5 missing teeth [n = 56]; oligodontia group, ≥ 6 missing teeth [n = 50]). A control group included orthodontic patients without either skeletal disharmony or congenitally missing teeth (n = 63). Subjects in oligodontia and control groups were further categorized into two subgroups on the basis of cervical stage (CS): stage I (CS2 or 3; n = 27 and n = 31, respectively) and stage II (CS4 or above; n = 23 and n = 32, respectively). Lateral cephalograms were analyzed by using eight angular and eight linear measurements. Z-scores were formulated on the basis of age and sex and were matched to the Japanese norm. Tukey tests and t tests were performed. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the hypodontia group had significantly smaller U1 to FH plane angle and A-B plane angle; U1-L1 was significantly larger. The oligodontia group had significantly smaller ANS-Me, L1 to mandibular plane angle, and Ptm-A; U1-L1 was significantly larger. At stage I, the oligodontia group had significantly smaller ANS-Me, gonial angle, and ANS-U1. At stage II, the oligodontia group had significantly smaller U1 to FH plane angle, L1 to mandibular plane angle, Ptm-A, and Go-Pog; it also had significantly larger U1-L1. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that skeletal patterns differ along with the number of congenitally missing teeth and that, in oligodontia patients, skeletal patterns differ before and after growth peak. It is important to consider the skeletal characteristics of tooth agenesis patients when designing a treatment plan.

中文翻译：

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日本先天性缺失牙齿患者的颅面形态检查：一项横断面研究。

背景技术这项横断面研究的目的是研究先天缺失牙齿对颅面形态的影响，并通过颈椎成熟（CVM）方法评估与个体骨骼成熟相关的寡牙合症患者的颌面形态特征。方法根据先天性牙齿缺失的严重程度，选择106例日本先天性牙齿缺失（非第三磨牙）的非综合症患者，将其分为两组（低牙周组，缺牙1-5例，n = 56）。少牙症组，≥6颗缺牙[n = 50]）。对照组包括没有骨骼失调或先天性牙齿缺失的正畸患者（n = 63）。根据子宫颈分期（CS），将少尿症患者和对照组的受试者进一步分为两个亚组：I期（CS2或3； n = 27和n = 31）和II期（CS4或以上； n = 23）和n = 32）。通过使用八个角度和八个线性测量来分析侧位脑电图。Z评分是根据年龄和性别制定的，并与日本的标准相符。进行Tukey测试和t测试。结果与对照组相比，牙髓欠缺组的U1与FH平面角和AB平面角均显着减小。U1-L1明显更大。少尿症组的ANS-Me，L1至下颌平面角和Ptm-A明显较小；U1-L1明显更大。在第一阶段，少尿症组的ANS-Me，角膜角和ANS-U1明显较小。在第二阶段 少牙畸形组的U1到FH平面角，L1到下颌平面角，Ptm-A和Go-Pog明显较小。它的U1-L1也明显更大。结论本研究表明骨骼模式与先天缺失牙齿的数量不同，并且在少尿症患者中，骨骼模式在生长高峰前后均不同。在设计治疗计划时，重要的是要考虑牙齿发育不全患者的骨骼特征。