The aim of the study was to examine whether parents' increased postnatal depressive symptoms predicted children's academic attainment over time and whether the parent-child relationship, children's prior academic attainment, and mental health mediated this association. We conducted secondary analyses on the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children data (12,607 mothers, 9,456 fathers). Each parent completed the Edinburgh-Postnatal Depression Scale at 8 weeks after the child's birth (predictor) and a questionnaire about the mother-child and father-child relationship at 7 years and 1 month (mediator). The children's mental health problems were assessed with the teacher version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at 10-11 years (mediator). We used data on the children's academic attainment on UK Key Stage 1 (5-7 years; mediator) and Key Stage 4 (General Certificate of Secondary Education 16 years) (outcome). We adjusted for the parents' education, and child gender and cognitive ability. The results revealed that parents' depressive symptoms at 8 weeks predicted lower academic performance in children at 16 years. Mothers' postnatal depressive symptoms had an indirect effect through children's mental health problems on academic outcomes at 16 years via negative mother-child relationship, and prior academic attainment. There was a significant negative indirect effect of fathers' postnatal depressive symptoms on academic attainment at 16 years via negative father-child relationship on child mental health. The findings suggest that the family environment (parental mental health and parent-child relationship) and children's mental health should be potential targets for support programmes for children of depressed parents.

中文翻译：

---

父母的产后抑郁症状和其子女在16岁时的学历：风险传递的途径。

该研究的目的是检验父母的产后抑郁症状增加是否随着时间的推移预测了儿童的学业成绩，以及亲子关系，儿童的先前学业成绩和心理健康是否介导了这种关联。我们对雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究数据（母亲12607名，父亲9456名）进行了二次分析。每位父母在孩子出生后8周完成爱丁堡-产后抑郁量表（预测），并在7岁零1个月时完成有关母子关系的问卷（调解员）。使用10-11岁教师的《长处和困难问卷》（调解人）对儿童的心理健康问题进行评估。我们使用了有关儿童的数据 在英国关键阶段1（5-7年；调解员）和关键阶段4（16岁的中等教育普通证书）方面的学术成就（成果）。我们针对父母的教育程度，孩子的性别和认知能力进行了调整。结果显示，父母在8周时出现的抑郁症状预示着16岁儿童的学习成绩会降低。母亲的产后抑郁症状是通过儿童的心理健康问题对16岁时的母子关系产生负面影响和先前的学业成绩而间接影响学业成绩的。父亲的产后抑郁症状通过对儿童心理健康的负面父子关系，在16岁时对学习成绩产生了显着的间接负面影响。