Background

Current developments showed a fast-increasing implementation and use of three-dimensional (3D) printing in medical applications. Our aim was to review the literature regarding the application of 3D printing to cardiac valve disease.

Methods

A PubMed search for publications in English with the terms “3D printing” AND “cardiac valve”, performed in January 2018, resulted in 64 items. After the analysis of the abstract and text, 27 remained related to the topic. From the references of these 27 papers, 7 papers were added resulting in a total of 34 papers. Of these, 5 were review papers, thus reducing the papers taken into consideration to 29.

Results

The 29 papers showed that about a decade ago, the interest in 3D printing for this application area was emerging, but only in the past 2 to 3 years it really gained interest. Computed tomography is the most common imaging modality taken into consideration (62%), followed by ultrasound (28%), computer-generated models (computer-aided design) (7%), and magnetic resonance imaging (3%). Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (4/14, 29%) and TangoPlus FullCure 930 (5/14, 36%) are the most used printing materials. Stereolithography (40%) and fused deposition modeling (30%) are the preferred printing techniques, while PolyJet (25%) and laser sintering (4%) are used in a minority of cases. The reported time ranges from 30 min to 3 days. The most reported application area is preoperative planning (63%), followed by training (19%), device testing (11%), and retrospective procedure evaluation (7%).

Conclusions

In most cases, CT datasets are used and models are printed for preoperative planning.

中文翻译：

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心脏瓣膜疾病的3D打印：系统综述。

背景

当前的发展表明在医疗应用中三维（3D）打印的实现和使用正在迅速增加。我们的目的是回顾有关将3D打印应用于心脏瓣膜疾病的文献。

方法

2018年1月，PubMed在英文出版物中搜索了“ 3D打印”和“心脏瓣膜”这两个词，结果有64个项目。在对摘要和文本进行分析之后，仍有27篇与该主题相关。从这27篇论文的参考文献中，添加了7篇论文，总共34篇论文。其中5篇是评论论文，因此将考虑的论文减少到29篇。

结果

这29篇论文表明，大约在十年前，人们对该应用领域对3D打印的兴趣正在兴起，但直到近2至3年，它才真正引起人们的兴趣。计算机断层扫描是最常见的成像方式（62％），其次是超声（28％），计算机生成的模型（计算机辅助设计）（7％）和磁共振成像（3％）。丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯（4/14，29％）和TangoPlus FullCure 930（5/14，36％）是最常用的印刷材料。首选光刻技术（40％）和熔融沉积建模（30％），而在少数情况下使用PolyJet（25％）和激光烧结（4％）。报告的时间范围为30分钟至3天。报告最多的应用领域是术前计划（63％），其次是培训（19％），设备测试（11％），

结论

在大多数情况下，使用CT数据集并打印模型以进行术前计划。