Research into cellular engineered bone grafts offers a promising solution to problems associated with the currently used auto- and allografts. Bioreactor systems can facilitate the development of functional cellular bone grafts by augmenting mass transport through media convection and shear flow-induced mechanical stimulation. Developing successful and reproducible protocols for growing bone tissue in vitro is dependent on tuning the bioreactor operating conditions to the specific cell type and graft design. This process, largely reliant on a trial-and-error approach, is challenging, time-consuming and expensive. Modelling can streamline the process by providing further insight into the effect of the bioreactor environment on the cell culture, and by identifying a beneficial range of operational settings to stimulate tissue production. Models can explore the impact of changing flow speeds, scaffold properties, and nutrient and growth factor concentrations. Aiming to act as an introductory reference for bone tissue engineers looking to direct their experimental work, this article presents a comprehensive framework of mathematical models on various aspects of bioreactor bone cultures and overviews modelling case studies from literature.

中文翻译：

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生物反应器系统中骨组织工程的数学和计算模型。

细胞工程骨移植的研究为当前使用的自体和同种异体移植相关的问题提供了有希望的解决方案。生物反应器系统可以通过介质对流和剪切流诱导的机械刺激来增强质量传输，从而促进功能性细胞骨移植物的发育。开发成功且可重复的体外骨组织生长方案取决于根据特定细胞类型和移植物设计调整生物反应器操作条件。这个过程在很大程度上依赖于试错方法，具有挑战性、耗时且昂贵。建模可以通过进一步了解生物反应器环境对细胞培养的影响，并确定一系列有益的操作设置来刺激组织生产，从而简化流程。模型可以探索改变流速、支架特性以及营养物和生长因子浓度的影响。本文旨在为希望指导实验工作的骨组织工程师提供介绍性参考，提出了生物反应器骨培养各个方面的数学模型的综合框架，并概述了文献中的建模案例研究。