Individuals vary substantially in their tendency to take risks. In the past two decades, a large number of neuroimaging studies in humans have explored the neural mechanisms of several cognitive processes that contribute to risk taking. In this article, I focus on functional and structural MRI studies that investigated uncertainty processing, one of the main features of risk behavior. Using decision-making and learning paradigms, these studies implicated a network of brain areas, including posterior parietal cortex, anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, in various aspects of uncertainty processing. Individual differences in behavior under uncertainty are reflected in the function and structure of some of these areas and are integrated into value representations in ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum, reinforcing the potential contribution of all of these brain structures to individual tendencies to take risks.

中文翻译：

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风险行为的神经解剖学基质。

个人冒险的倾向差异很大。在过去的二十年中，大量的人类神经影像研究探索了一些有助于冒险的认知过程的神经机制。在本文中，我重点介绍功能和结构MRI研究，这些研究调查了不确定性处理（风险行为的主要特征之一）。这些研究使用决策和学习范例，涉及大脑区域网络，包括不确定性处理的各个方面，包括顶后叶皮层，前岛岛，前扣带回皮层和腹侧前额叶皮层。