Monitoring crop and rangeland conditions is highly relevant for early warning and response planning in food insecure areas of the world. Satellite remote sensing can obtain relevant and timely information in such areas where ground data are scattered, non-homogenous, or frequently unavailable. Rainfall estimates provide an outlook of the drivers of vegetation growth, whereas time series of satellite-based biophysical indicators at high temporal resolution provide key information about vegetation status in near real-time and over large areas. The new early warning decision support system ASAP (Anomaly hot Spots of Agricultural Production) builds on the experience of the MARS crop monitoring activities for food insecure areas, that have started in the early 2000's and aims at providing timely information about possible crop production anomalies. The information made available on the website (https://mars.jrc.ec.europa.eu/asap/) directly supports multi-agency early warning initiatives such as for example the GEOGLAM Crop Monitor for Early Warning and provides inputs to more detailed food security assessments that are the basis for the annual Global Report on Food Crises. ASAP is a two-step analysis framework, with a first fully automated step classifying the first sub-national level administrative units into four agricultural production deficit warning categories. Warnings are based on rainfall and vegetation index anomalies computed over crop and rangeland areas and are updated every 10 days. They take into account the timing during the crop season at which they occur, using remote sensing derived phenology per-pixel. The second step involves the monthly analysis at country level by JRC crop monitoring experts of all the information available, including the automatic warnings, crop production and food security-tailored media analysis, high-resolution imagery (e.g. Landsat 8, Sentinel 1 and 2) processed in Google Earth Engine and ancillary maps, graphs and statistics derived from a set of indicators. Countries with potentially critical conditions are marked as minor or major hotspots and a global overview is provided together with short national level narratives.

中文翻译：

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尽快：一种新的全球预警系统，用于检测农业生产的异常热点以进行粮食安全分析

监测作物和牧场状况与世界粮食不安全地区的早期预警和响应规划高度相关。卫星遥感可以在地面数据分散、非同质或经常不可用的地区获取相关及时的信息。降雨估计提供了植被生长驱动因素的前景，而高时间分辨率的基于卫星的生物物理指标的时间序列提供了近实时和大面积植被状况的关键信息。新的早期预警决策支持系统 ASAP（农业生产异常热点）建立在 MARS 粮食不安全地区作物监测活动的经验基础上，该活动于 2000 年初开始，旨在及时提供有关可能出现的作物生产异常的信息。网站 (https://mars.jrc.ec.europa.eu/asap/) 上提供的信息直接支持多机构早期预警计划，例如 GEOGLAM Crop Monitor for Early Warning，并为更详细的粮食安全评估是年度全球粮食危机报告的基础。ASAP 是一个两步分析框架，第一个完全自动化的步骤将第一批次国家级行政单位分为四个农业生产赤字警告类别。警告基于在作物和牧场区域计算的降雨和植被指数异常，每 10 天更新一次。他们使用每像素遥感衍生的物候学，考虑到它们发生的作物季节的时间。第二步是 JRC 作物监测专家对所有可用信息在国家层面进行月度分析，包括自动警告、作物生产和粮食安全定制媒体分析、高分辨率图像（例如 Landsat 8、Sentinel 1 和 2）在 Google Earth Engine 和辅助地图、图表和从一组指标得出的统计数据中处理。具有潜在危急情况的国家被标记为次要或主要热点，并提供全球概览和简短的国家级叙述。来自一组指标的图表和统计数据。具有潜在危急情况的国家被标记为次要或主要热点，并提供全球概览和简短的国家级叙述。来自一组指标的图表和统计数据。具有潜在危急情况的国家被标记为次要或主要热点，并提供全球概览和简短的国家级叙述。