In this review we discuss the effects of microbial exposure on the B cell repertoire. Neonatal exposure to conserved bacterial carbohydrates and phospholipids permanently reprograms the natural antibody repertoire directed toward these antigens by clonal expansion, alterations in clonal dominance, and increased serum antibody levels. These epitopes are present not only in bacterial cell walls, but also in common environmental allergens. Neonatal immunization with bacterial polysaccharide vaccines results in attenuated allergic airway responses to fungi-, house dust mite-, and cockroach-associated allergens in mouse models. The similarities between mouse and human natural antibody repertoires suggest that reduced microbial exposure in children may have the opposite effect, providing a potential mechanistic explanation for the hygiene hypothesis. We propose that understanding the effects of childhood infections on the natural antibody repertoire and the mechanisms of antibody-mediated immunoregulation observed in allergy models will lead to the development of prevention/interventional strategies for treatment of allergic asthma.

中文翻译：

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天然抗体库：在抑制过敏性气道疾病中的发展及其功能作用。

在这篇综述中，我们讨论了微生物暴露对B细胞库的影响。新生儿接触保守的细菌碳水化合物和磷脂会通过克隆扩增，克隆优势的改变和血清抗体水平的提高，永久性地重编针对这些抗原的天然抗体库。这些表位不仅存在于细菌细胞壁中，而且还存在于常见的环境变应原中。用细菌多糖疫苗进行的新生儿免疫导致小鼠模型中对真菌，屋尘螨和蟑螂相关过敏原的过敏性气道反应减弱。小鼠和人类天然抗体库之间的相似之处表明，降低儿童的微生物暴露可能具有相反的作用，为卫生学假说提供了潜在的机理解释。