Use of humanities content in American medical education has been debated for well over 60 years. While many respected scholars and medical educators have purported the value of humanities content in medical training, its inclusion remains unstandardized, and the undergraduate medical curriculum continues to be focused on scientific and technical content. Cited barriers to the integration of humanities include time and space in an already overburdened curriculum, and a lack of consensus on the exact content, pedagogy and instruction. Edmund Pellegrino, physician and scholar of the latter twentieth century, spent much of his professional life promoting the value and importance of the humanities in medical education, seeking the best way to incorporate and teach this content in clinically relevant ways. His efforts included the founding of multiple enterprises starting in the 1960s and 1970s to promote human values in medical education, including the Society for Health and Human Values and its Institute on Human Values in Medicine. Regardless of his efforts and those of many others into the current century, the medical humanities remains a curricular orphan, unable to find a lasting home in medical education and training.

中文翻译：

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孤儿：现代医学教育中的人文学科。

在美国医学教育中使用人文内容的争论已经持续了 60 多年。尽管许多受人尊敬的学者和医学教育家都声称人文内容在医学培训中的价值，但其内容仍然不标准化，本科医学课程仍然侧重于科学和技术内容。人文学科融合的障碍包括已经负担过重的课程的时间和空间，以及对确切内容、教学法和教学缺乏共识。埃德蒙·佩莱格里诺（Edmund Pellegrino）是二十世纪后半叶的医生和学者，他职业生涯的大部分时间都在宣传医学教育中人文学科的价值和重要性，寻求以临床相关的方式整合和教授这些内容的最佳方式。他的努力包括从 20 世纪 60 年代和 1970 年代开始创立多个企业，以促进医学教育中的人类价值，其中包括健康与人类价值协会及其医学人类价值研究所。尽管他和许多其他人在本世纪做出了努力，医学人文学科仍然是课程中的孤儿，无法在医学教育和培训中找到持久的家园。