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Hippocampal theta power pressure builds over non-REM sleep and dissipates within REM sleep episodes.
Archives Italiennes De Biologie ( IF 0.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-10-17 , DOI: 10.12871/00039829201833
T E Bjorness , V Booth , G R Poe 1
Affiliation  

The theta rhythm during waking has been associated with voluntary motor activity and learning processes involving the hippocampus. Theta also occurs continuously during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep where it likely serves memory consolidation. Theta amplitude builds across wakefulness and is the best indicator of the homeostatic need for non-REM (NREM) sleep. Although REM sleep is homeostatically regulated independently of NREM sleep, the drivers of REM sleep regulation are under debate. The dynamics of theta within REM sleep bouts have not been thoroughly explored. We equipped 20 male rats with sleep instrumentation and hippocampal electrodes to measure theta across normal sleep/waking periods over the first 4 h of the sleep phase on two consecutive days. We found that theta power decreased by a third, on average, within individual REM sleep bouts, but recovered between bouts. Thus, there was no general decline in theta power across the duration of the recording period or between days. The time constant of theta power decline within a REM sleep bout was the same whether the bout was short, midlength, or long, and did not predict the behavioral state immediately following the REM sleep bout. Interestingly, the more time spent in NREM sleep prior to REM sleep, the larger the decline in theta power during REM sleep, indicating that REM sleep theta may be homeostatically driven by NREM sleep just as NREM delta power is driven by the length of prior waking and by waking theta. Potential causes and implications for this phenomenon are discussed.

中文翻译:

海马theta功率压力在非快速眼动睡眠中建立,并在快速眼动睡眠发作中消散。

醒来时的theta节律与自愿的运动活动和涉及海马的学习过程有关。Theta在快速眼动(REM)睡眠期间也会连续发生,这可能有助于记忆巩固。Theta振幅跨过觉醒而建立,是非REM(NREM)睡眠的体内平衡需求的最佳指标。尽管REM睡眠独立于NREM睡眠而被稳态调节,但是REM睡眠调节的驱动器仍在争论中。REM睡眠发作内theta的动力学尚未得到充分研究。我们为20只雄性大鼠配备了睡眠仪器和海马电极,以在连续两天的睡眠阶段的前4小时内测量正常睡眠/清醒期间的θ。我们发现,theta功率平均降低了三分之一,在个别REM睡眠发作内,但在发作之间恢复。因此,在整个记录期间或几天之间,θ功率没有普遍下降。无论短,中长还是长,REM睡眠发作内theta功率下降的时间常数都是相同的,并且不能预测REM睡眠发作后的行为状态。有趣的是,在REM睡眠之前花费在NREM睡眠上的时间越长,REM睡眠期间theta功率的下降幅度越大,这表明REM睡眠theta可能由NREM睡眠稳态驱动,就像NREMδ功率是由先前醒来的时间驱动的一样并通过唤醒theta。讨论了此现象的潜在原因和含义。在整个记录期间或几天之间,theta功率没有普遍下降。无论短,中长还是长,REM睡眠发作内theta功率下降的时间常数都是相同的,并且不能预测REM睡眠发作后的行为状态。有趣的是,在REM睡眠之前花费在NREM睡眠上的时间越长,REM睡眠期间theta功率的下降幅度越大,这表明REM睡眠theta可能由NREM睡眠稳态驱动,就像NREMδ功率是由先前醒来的时间驱动的一样并通过唤醒theta。讨论了此现象的潜在原因和含义。在整个记录期间或几天之间,theta功率没有普遍下降。无论短,中长还是长,REM睡眠发作内theta功率下降的时间常数都是相同的,并且不能预测REM睡眠发作后的行为状态。有趣的是,在REM睡眠之前花费在NREM睡眠上的时间越长,REM睡眠期间theta功率的下降幅度越大,这表明REM睡眠theta可能由NREM睡眠稳态驱动,就像NREMδ功率是由先前醒来的时间驱动的一样并通过唤醒theta。讨论了此现象的潜在原因和含义。并没有预测快速眼动睡眠后的行为状态。有趣的是,在REM睡眠之前花费在NREM睡眠上的时间越长,REM睡眠期间theta功率的下降幅度越大,这表明REM睡眠theta可能由NREM睡眠稳态驱动,就像NREMδ功率是由先前醒来的时间驱动的一样并通过唤醒theta。讨论了此现象的潜在原因和含义。并没有预测快速眼动睡眠后的行为状态。有趣的是,在REM睡眠之前花费在NREM睡眠上的时间越长,REM睡眠期间theta功率的下降幅度越大,这表明REM睡眠theta可能由NREM睡眠稳态驱动,就像NREMδ功率是由先前醒来的时间驱动的一样并通过唤醒theta。讨论了此现象的潜在原因和含义。
更新日期:2020-08-21
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