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Features of a novel protein, rusticalin, from the ascidian Styela rustica reveal ancestral horizontal gene transfer event.
Mobile DNA ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-19 , DOI: 10.1186/s13100-019-0146-7
Maria A Daugavet 1 , Sergey Shabelnikov 2 , Alexander Shumeev 3, 4 , Tatiana Shaposhnikova 3 , Leonid S Adonin 1 , Olga Podgornaya 1, 3, 5
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND The transfer of genetic material from non-parent organisms is called horizontal gene transfer (HGT). One of the most conclusive cases of HGT in metazoans was previously described for the cellulose synthase gene in ascidians. RESULTS In this study we identified a new protein, rusticalin, from the ascidian Styela rustica and presented evidence for its likely origin by HGT. Discernible homologues of rusticalin were found in placozoans, coral, and basal Chordates. Rusticalin was predicted to consist of two distinct regions, an N-terminal domain and a C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain comprises two cysteine-rich repeats and shows remote similarity to the tick carboxypeptidase inhibitor. The C-terminal domain shares significant sequence similarity with bacterial MD peptidases and bacteriophage A500 L-alanyl-D-glutamate peptidase. A possible transfer of the C-terminal domain by bacteriophage was confirmed by an analysis of noncoding sequences of C. intestinalis rusticalin-like gene, which was found to contain a sequence similar to the bacteriophage A500 recombination site. Moreover, a sequence similar to the bacteriophage recombination site was found to be adjacent to the cellulose synthase catalytic subunit gene in the genome of Streptomices sp., the donor of ascidian cellulose synthase. CONCLUSIONS The C-terminal domain of rusticalin and rusticalin-like proteins is likely to be horizontally transferred by the bacteriophage A500. A common mechanism involving bacteriophage mediated gene transfer can be proposed for at least two HGT events in ascidians.

中文翻译:

来自海鞘 Styela rustica 的新型蛋白质 rusticalin 的特征揭示了祖先的水平基因转移事件。

背景技术从非亲本生物体中转移遗传物质被称为水平基因转移(HGT)。后生动物中 HGT 最具决定性的病例之一先前已针对海鞘中的纤维素合酶基因进行了描述。结果 在这项研究中,我们从海鞘 Styela rustica 中鉴定了一种新的蛋白质 rusticalin,并提供了 HGT 可能起源的证据。在 placozoans、珊瑚和基底脊索动物中发现了明显的 rusticalin 同源物。据预测,Rusticalin 由两个不同的区域组成,一个 N 端结构域和一个 C 端结构域。N 端结构域包含两个富含半胱氨酸的重复序列,并显示出与蜱羧肽酶抑制剂的远程相似性。C 末端结构域与细菌 MD 肽酶和噬菌体 A500 L-丙氨酰-D-谷氨酸肽酶具有显着的序列相似性。通过分析 C. gutis rusticalin 样基因的非编码序列,证实了噬菌体可能转移 C 末端结构域,该基因被发现包含与噬菌体 A500 重组位点相似的序列。此外,在海鞘纤维素合酶的供体Streptomice sp.的基因组中,发现与噬菌体重组位点相似的序列与纤维素合酶催化亚基基因相邻。结论 rusticalin 和 rusticalin 样蛋白的 C 末端结构域可能被噬菌体 A500 水平转移。对于海鞘中的至少两个 HGT 事件,可以提出一种涉及噬菌体介导的基因转移的常见机制。发现其含有与噬菌体 A500 重组位点相似的序列。此外,在海鞘纤维素合酶的供体Streptomice sp.的基因组中,发现与噬菌体重组位点相似的序列与纤维素合酶催化亚基基因相邻。结论 rusticalin 和 rusticalin 样蛋白的 C 末端结构域可能被噬菌体 A500 水平转移。对于海鞘中的至少两个 HGT 事件,可以提出一种涉及噬菌体介导的基因转移的常见机制。发现其含有与噬菌体 A500 重组位点相似的序列。此外,在海鞘纤维素合酶的供体Streptomice sp.的基因组中,发现与噬菌体重组位点相似的序列与纤维素合酶催化亚基基因相邻。结论 rusticalin 和 rusticalin 样蛋白的 C 末端结构域可能被噬菌体 A500 水平转移。对于海鞘中的至少两个 HGT 事件,可以提出一种涉及噬菌体介导的基因转移的常见机制。发现与噬菌体重组位点相似的序列与海鞘纤维素合酶供体链霉菌属基因组中的纤维素合酶催化亚基基因相邻。结论 rusticalin 和 rusticalin 样蛋白的 C 末端结构域可能被噬菌体 A500 水平转移。对于海鞘中的至少两个 HGT 事件,可以提出一种涉及噬菌体介导的基因转移的常见机制。发现与噬菌体重组位点相似的序列与海鞘纤维素合酶供体链霉菌属基因组中的纤维素合酶催化亚基基因相邻。结论 rusticalin 和 rusticalin 样蛋白的 C 末端结构域可能被噬菌体 A500 水平转移。对于海鞘中的至少两个 HGT 事件,可以提出一种涉及噬菌体介导的基因转移的常见机制。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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