Platelets are essential for physiological hemostasis and are central in pathological thrombosis. These are their traditional and best known activities in health and disease. In addition, however, platelets have specializations that broaden their functional repertoire considerably. These functional capabilities, some of which are recently discovered, include the ability to sense and respond to infectious and immune signals and to act as inflammatory effector cells. Human platelets and platelets from mice and other experimental animals can link the innate and adaptive limbs of the immune system and act across the immune continuum, often also linking immune and hemostatic functions. Traditional and newly recognized facets of the biology of platelets are relevant to defensive, physiological immune responses of the lungs and to inflammatory lung diseases. The emerging view of platelets as blood cells that are much more diverse and versatile than previously thought further predicts that additional features of the biology of platelets and of megakaryocytes, the precursors of platelets, will be discovered and that some of these will also influence pulmonary immune defenses and inflammatory injury.

中文翻译：

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肺部免疫反应和炎症性肺病中的血小板。


血小板对于生理性止血至关重要，并且是病理性血栓形成的核心。这些是他们在健康和疾病方面的传统且最著名的活动。然而，除此之外，血小板还具有特殊性，可以大大拓宽其功能范围。这些功能能力（其中一些是最近发现的）包括感知和响应感染和免疫信号以及充当炎症效应细胞的能力。人类血小板以及来自小鼠和其他实验动物的血小板可以连接免疫系统的先天性和适应性肢体，并在整个免疫连续体中发挥作用，通常还连接免疫和止血功能。血小板生物学的传统和新认识的方面与肺部的防御性生理免疫反应和炎症性肺部疾病有关。血小板作为血细胞的新兴观点比以前认为的更加多样化和多才多艺，进一步预测，血小板和巨核细胞（血小板的前体）生物学的其他特征将会被发现，其中一些也将影响肺部免疫防御和炎症损伤。