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Mediterranean diet, cardiovascular disease and mortality in diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized clinical trials.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : null , DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1565281
Nerea Becerra-Tomás 1, 2, 3, 4 , Sonia Blanco Mejía 5, 6 , Effie Viguiliouk 5, 6 , Tauseef Khan 5, 6 , Cyril W C Kendall 5, 6, 7 , Hana Kahleova 8, 9 , Dario Rahelić 10, 11 , John L Sievenpiper 5, 6, 12 , Jordi Salas-Salvadó 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

To update the clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. We searched Medline, EMBASE (through April 20, 2018) and Cochrane (through May 7, 2018) databases. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by the generic inverse variance method. A total of 41 reports (3 RCTs and 38 cohorts) were included. Meta-analyses of RCTs revealed a beneficial effect of the MedDiet on total CVD incidence (RR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.78) and total myocardial infarction (MI) incidence (RR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.88). Meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, which compared the highest versus lowest categories of MedDiet adherence, revealed an inverse association with total CVD mortality (RR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.82), coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence (RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.86), CHD mortality (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.92), stroke incidence (RR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.90), stroke mortality (RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.96) and MI incidence (RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.88). The present study suggests that MedDiet has a beneficial role on CVD prevention in populations inclusive of individuals with diabetes.

中文翻译:

地中海饮食,心血管疾病和糖尿病死亡率:前瞻性队列研究和随机临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。

为了更新欧洲糖尿病研究协会营养治疗的临床实践指南,我们对前瞻性队列研究和随机临床试验(RCT)进行了系统的回顾和荟萃分析,以评估地中海饮食(MedDiet)的效果关于预防心血管疾病(CVD)的发生率和死亡率。我们搜索了Medline,EMBASE(至2018年4月20日)和Cochrane(至2018年5月7日)数据库。通过通用逆方差方法计算汇总的相对风险(RRs)和95%置信区间(CI)。总共包括41份报告(3个RCT和38个队列)。随机对照试验的荟萃分析显示MedDiet对总CVD发生率(RR:0.62; 95%CI:0.50,0.78)和总心肌梗塞(MI)发生率(RR:0.65; 95%CI:0.49,0.88)有有益作用。对前瞻性队列研究的荟萃分析比较了MedDiet依从性的最高类别与最低类别,发现与总CVD死亡率(RR:0.79; 95%CI:0.77,0.82),冠心病(CHD)发生率(RR)成反比:0.73; 95%CI:0.62,0.86),CHD死亡率(RR:0.83; 95%CI:0.75,0.92),中风发生率(RR:0.80; 95%CI:0.71,0.90),中风死亡率(RR:0.87) ; 95%CI:0.80,0.96)和MI发生率(RR:0.73; 95%CI:0.61、0.88)。本研究表明,MedDiet对包括糖尿病患者在内的人群的CVD预防具有有益作用。0.62,0.86),冠心病死亡率(RR:0.83; 95%CI:0.75,0.92),中风发生率(RR:0.80; 95%CI:0.71、0.90),中风死亡率(RR:0.87; 95%CI:0.80, 0.96)和MI发生率(RR:0.73; 95%CI:0.61、0.88)。本研究表明,MedDiet对包括糖尿病患者在内的人群的CVD预防具有有益作用。0.62,0.86),冠心病死亡率(RR:0.83; 95%CI:0.75,0.92),中风发生率(RR:0.80; 95%CI:0.71、0.90),中风死亡率(RR:0.87; 95%CI:0.80, 0.96)和MI发生率(RR:0.73; 95%CI:0.61、0.88)。本研究表明,MedDiet对包括糖尿病患者在内的人群的CVD预防具有有益作用。
更新日期:2020-03-16
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