Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that exploit host cell machineries for replication. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of host cell nuclear proteins whose translocation from the nucleus to cytoplasm is induced and utilized by viruses to support viral replication and infection. Utilization of nuclear proteins for viral replication and infection involves disruption of nuclear import, enhancement of nuclear export, removal of nuclear localization signal (NLS) from nuclear proteins and alteration of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) to cooperatively support viral replication. Understanding of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport system, and associated mechanisms, utilized by viruses will advance therapeutic development of strategies to produce optimal antiviral agents effective in control of viral diseases.

中文翻译：

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靶向核蛋白以控制病毒复制。

病毒是利用宿主细胞机器进行复制的专性细胞内寄生虫。在这篇综述中，我们集中于对宿主细胞核蛋白的当前了解，其病毒从核到细胞质的转运是由病毒诱导和利用的，以支持病毒复制和感染。利用核蛋白进行病毒复制和感染涉及破坏核输入，增强核输出，从核蛋白中去除核定位信号（NLS）以及改变核孔复合物（NPC）以共同支持病毒复制。对病毒利用的核质运输系统及其相关机制的理解将促进治疗策略的发展，从而产生可有效控制病毒疾病的最佳抗病毒药物。