Several studies have been conducted on the effects of peanut consumption on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors. However, the findings are conflicting and appear inconsistent. The aim of this review is to summarize the findings on the effect of peanut consumption on the risk factors of CVDs. We used relevant keywords and searched through PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for articles published studies up to November 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this meta-analysis. Random or fixed-effects meta-analysis method depending on the results of heterogeneity tests was used to estimate the effect size. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed by Q test and I2 index. Subgroup analysis was conducted to find any excess relationship. Publication bias was checked by Egger's test and funnel plot. Quality of studies was assessed by the Cochrane criteria. According to the results of 13 RCTs, peanuts has no significant effect on weight (WMD: -0.11 kg, P = 0.773), waist circumference (WMD: -1.41 cm, P = 0.139), body mass index (WMD: -0.14 kg/m2, P = 0.428), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -0.09 mmHg, P = 0.939 and WMD: 0.60 mmHg, P = 0.652, respectively), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: -3.31 mg/dl, P = 0.472), triglyceride (WMD: -7.59 mg/dl, P = 0.180), total cholesterol (WMD: 3.15 mg/dl, P = 0.171), fasting blood sugar (WMD: 0.57 mg/dl, P = 0.604) and serum insulin (WMD: -0.40, P = 0.582). Also, this meta-analysis showed that peanut had a positive significant effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (WMD: 2.72 mg/dl, P = 0.001). Peanuts consumption has a positive significant effect on HDL especially at the type of peanut oil, high-oleic peanut and peanut sprout and in healthy subjects and for consumption more than 12 weeks, while has no significant effect on other CVD risk factors.

中文翻译：

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花生和心血管疾病的危险因素：系统评价和荟萃分析。

关于食用花生对心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素的影响，已经进行了一些研究。但是，发现是矛盾的，而且似乎不一致。这篇综述的目的是总结关于食用花生对心血管疾病危险因素的影响的发现。我们使用了相关关键字，并通过PubMed，Scopus和Web of Science搜索了截至2018年11月发表的文章。该荟萃分析包括了随机对照试验（RCT）。根据异质性测试的结果，采用随机或固定效应荟萃分析方法来评估效应量。研究之间的异质性通过Q检验和I2指数进行评估。进行亚组分析以发现任何多余的关系。通过Egger检验和漏斗图检查出版偏倚。研究质量通过Cochrane标准进行评估。根据13个RCT的结果，花生对体重（WMD：-0.11 kg，P = 0.773），腰围（WMD：-1.41 cm，P = 0.139），体重指数（WMD：-0.14 kg）无明显影响。 / m2，P = 0.428），收缩压和舒张压（WMD：-0.09 mmHg，P = 0.939和WMD：0.60 mmHg，P = 0.652），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（WMD：-3.31 mg / dl， P = 0.472），甘油三酸酯（WMD：-7.59 mg / dl，P = 0.180），总胆固醇（WMD：3.15 mg / dl，P = 0.171），空腹血糖（WMD：0.57 mg / dl，P = 0.604）和血清胰岛素（WMD：-0.40，P = 0.582）。此外，这项荟萃分析显示，花生对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）具有积极的显著作用（WMD：2.72 mg / dl，P = 0.001）。