Epigenetic gene regulation is crucial to plant life and can involve dynamic interactions between various histone modifications, DNA methylation, and small RNAs. Detailed analysis of epigenome information is anticipated to reveal how the DNA sequence of the genome is translated into the plant's phenotype. The aim of this study was to map the DNA methylation state at the whole genome level and to clarify the relationship between DNA methylation and transcription, small RNA expression, and histone H3 lysine 9 di-methylation (H3K9me2) in Brassica rapa. We performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing, small RNA sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing using H3K9me2 antibody in a Chinese cabbage inbred line, RJKB-T24, and examined the impact of epigenetic states on transcription. Cytosine methylation in DNA was analysed in different sequence contexts (CG, CHG, and CHH) (where H could be A, C, or T) and position (promoter, exon, intron, terminator, interspersed repeat regions), and the H3K9me2 and 24 nucleotide small interfering RNAs (24 nt-siRNA) were overlaid onto the B. rapa reference genome. The epigenome was compared with that of Arabidopsis thaliana and the relationship between the position of DNA methylation and gene expression, and the involvement of 24 nt siRNAs and H3K9me2 are discussed.

中文翻译：

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全基因组表征的甘蓝型油菜DNA甲基化，小RNA表达和组蛋白H3赖氨酸九个二甲基化。

表观遗传基因调控对植物生命至关重要，并且可能涉及各种组蛋白修饰，DNA甲基化和小RNA之间的动态相互作用。预期对表观基因组信息的详细分析将揭示基因组的DNA序列如何转化为植物的表型。这项研究的目的是在整个基因组水平上绘制DNA甲基化状态图，并阐明芸苔中DNA甲基化与转录，小RNA表达和组蛋白H3赖氨酸9二甲基化（H3K9me2）之间的关系。我们在大白菜近交系RJKB-T24中使用H3K9me2抗体进行了全基因组亚硫酸氢盐测序，小RNA测序和染色质免疫沉淀测序，并研究了表观遗传状态对转录的影响。在不同的序列环境（CG，CHG和CHH）（其中H可以是A，C或T）和位置（启动子，外显子，内含子，终止子，散布的重复区域），H3K9me2和将24个核苷酸的小干扰RNA（24nt-siRNA）覆盖在R.rapa参考基因组上。将表观基因组与拟南芥的表观基因组进行比较，探讨DNA甲基化位置与基因表达之间的关系，并讨论了24nt siRNA和H3K9me2的参与。