Summary Glyphosate use in the United Kingdom has more than doubled in the last 20 years. Much of this increase is driven by efforts to control herbicide resistant weeds, particularly Alopecurus myosuroides, prior to crop drilling. There is precedent for evolution of glyphosate resistance in similar situations, raising concerns over the sustainability of glyphosate use in the UK. We used dose–response experiments to examine variation in glyphosate sensitivity amongst 40 field‐collected A. myosuroides populations. No populations were resistant to glyphosate, but ED 90 values ranged between 354 and 610 g a.i. ha−1. Five populations had ED 90 values significantly higher than the unexposed control population collected from a site at Rothamsted Research with no previous glyphosate exposure. Recurrent selection experiments were performed to determine whether variation in glyphosate sensitivity had a heritable basis. Following two rounds of selection, five of six field populations evolved significantly reduced sensitivity to glyphosate, with R/S ratios, based on estimated ED 50 values, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5. These results confirm that there is a heritable basis to variation in glyphosate sensitivity. The response to selection was modest. Evolved populations were not highly resistant to glyphosate, although some twice‐selected individuals survived recommended field rates. These results do not represent definitive proof of the potential of A. myosuroides to evolve glyphosate resistance, although they do indicate caution is needed when considering the sustainability of increased glyphosate use to control this herbicide resistance‐prone species.

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大穗看麦娘草甘膦敏感性降低的种群间变异性和适应潜力

总结 在过去的 20 年里，英国的草甘膦使用量增加了一倍多。这种增长的大部分原因是在作物钻探之前努力控制抗除草剂杂草，尤其是大头看麦娘（Alopecurus myosuroides）。在类似情况下有草甘膦耐药性演变的先例，这引起了人们对英国草甘膦使用可持续性的担忧。我们使用剂量反应实验来检查 40 个野外采集的 A. myosuroides 种群之间草甘膦敏感性的变化。没有种群对草甘膦具有抗性，但 ED 90 值介于 354 和 610 g ai ha-1 之间。五个种群的 ED 90 值显着高于从 Rothamsted Research 的一个地点收集的未暴露的对照种群，之前没有接触过草甘膦。进行了反复选择实验以确定草甘膦敏感性的变化是否具有遗传基础。经过两轮选择，六个田间种群中的五个进化出对草甘膦的敏感性显着降低，R/S 比（基于估计的 ED 50 值，范围从 1.2 到 1.5）。这些结果证实草甘膦敏感性的变化存在可遗传的基础。对选择的反应是温和的。进化的种群对草甘膦的抗性并不高，尽管一些两次选择的个体在推荐的田间率下存活了下来。这些结果并不代表 A. myosuroides 进化草甘膦抗性的潜力的明确证据，