Reliability has a long history as one of the key psychometric properties of a test. However, a given test might not measure people equally reliably. Test scores from some individuals might have considerably greater error than others. This study proposed two approaches using intraindividual variation to estimate test reliability for each person. A simulation study suggested that the parallel tests approach and the structural equation modeling approach recovered the simulated reliability coefficients. Then in an empirical study, where 45 females were measured daily on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) for 45 consecutive days, separate estimates of reliability were generated for each person. Results showed that reliability estimates of the PANAS varied substantially from person to person. The methods provided in this article apply to tests measuring changeable attributes and require repeated measures across time on each individual. This article also provides a set of parallel forms of PANAS.

中文翻译：

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在个人层面测试可靠性

可靠性作为测试的关键心理测量特性之一有着悠久的历史。但是，给定的测试可能无法同样可靠地测量人们。某些人的考试成绩可能比其他人的错误大得多。这项研究提出了两种使用个体内变异来估计每个人的测试可靠性的方法。仿真研究表明，并行测试方法和结构方程建模方法可以恢复模拟的可靠性系数。然后在一项实证研究中，连续 45 天每天根据正面和负面影响表 (PANAS) 对 45 名女性进行测量，为每个人生成单独的可靠性估计值。结果表明，PANAS 的可靠性估计因人而异。本文中提供的方法适用于测量可变属性的测试，并且需要对每个人跨时间重复测量。本文还提供了一组并行形式的 PANAS。