Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties, which confer enormous potential for clinical application. Considerable evidence revealed their efficacy on various animal models of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and uveitis. MSCs elicit their immunomodulatory effects by inhibiting lymphocyte activation and proliferation, forbidding the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, limiting the function of antigen presenting cells, and inducing regulatory T (Treg) and B (Breg) cells. The induction of Treg and Breg cells is of particular interest since Treg and Breg cells have significant roles in maintaining immune tolerance. Several mechanisms have been proposed regarding to the MSCs-mediated induction of Treg and Breg cells. Accordingly, MSCs induce regulatory lymphocytes through secretion of multiple pleiotropic cytokines, cell-to-cell contact with target cells and modulation of antigen-presenting cells. Here, we summarized how MSCs induce Treg and Breg cells to provoke immunosuppression.

中文翻译：

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间充质干细胞的免疫调节：间充质干细胞和调节性淋巴细胞之间的相互作用。


间充质干细胞（MSC）具有免疫调节特性，具有巨大的临床应用潜力。大量证据表明它们对多种自身免疫性疾病动物模型的功效，例如多发性硬化症、系统性红斑狼疮和葡萄膜炎。 MSC 通过抑制淋巴细胞活化和增殖、禁止促炎细胞因子的分泌、限制抗原呈递细胞的功能以及诱导调节性 T (Treg) 和 B (Breg) 细胞来引发免疫调节作用。 Treg 和 Breg 细胞的诱导特别令人感兴趣，因为 Treg 和 Breg 细胞在维持免疫耐受方面发挥着重要作用。已经提出了几种关于 MSC 介导的 Treg 和 Breg 细胞诱导的机制。因此，间充质干细胞通过分泌多种多效性细胞因子、细胞与靶细胞的细胞间接触以及抗原呈递细胞的调节来诱导调节性淋巴细胞。在这里，我们总结了 MSC 如何诱导 Treg 和 Breg 细胞引发免疫抑制。