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Dynamically adapted context-specific hyper-articulation: Feedback from interlocutors affects speakers’ subsequent pronunciations
Journal of Memory and Language ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2016-08-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2015.12.009
Esteban Buz 1 , Michael K Tanenhaus 2 , T Florian Jaeger 3
Affiliation  

We ask whether speakers can adapt their productions when feedback from their interlocutors suggests that previous productions were perceptually confusable. To address this question, we use a novel web-based task-oriented paradigm for speech recording, in which participants produce instructions towards a (simulated) partner with naturalistic response times. We manipulate (1) whether a target word with a voiceless plosive (e.g., pill) occurs in the presence of a voiced competitor (bill) or an unrelated word (food) and (2) whether or not the simulated partner occasionally misunderstands the target word. Speakers hyper-articulated the target word when a voiced competitor was present. Moreover, the size of the hyper-articulation effect was nearly doubled when partners occasionally misunderstood the instruction. A novel type of distributional analysis further suggests that hyper-articulation did not change the target of production, but rather reduced the probability of perceptually ambiguous or confusable productions. These results were obtained in the absence of explicit clarification requests, and persisted across words and over trials. Our findings suggest that speakers adapt their pronunciations based on the perceived communicative success of their previous productions in the current environment. We discuss why speakers make adaptive changes to their speech and what mechanisms might underlie speakers' ability to do so.

中文翻译:

动态适应上下文特定的超发音:对话者的反馈影响说话者的后续发音

我们询问当对话者的反馈表明以前的作品在感知上容易混淆时,演讲者是否可以调整他们的作品。为了解决这个问题,我们使用一种新颖的基于网络的面向任务的范式进行语音记录,其中参与者向(模拟的)合作伙伴发出指令,并具有自然的响应时间。我们操纵 (1) 在有浊音竞争者 (bill) 或不相关的词 (food) 的情况下是否出现带有清音塞音(例如,pill)的目标词和(2)模拟伙伴是否偶尔会误解目标单词。当有语音的竞争者在场时,演讲者会超清晰地表达目标词。此外,当合作伙伴偶尔误解指令时,超清晰效应的大小几乎增加了一倍。一种新型的分布分析进一步表明,超清晰没有改变生产目标,而是降低了感知模糊或易混淆的生产的可能性。这些结果是在没有明确的澄清要求的情况下获得的,并且在文字和试验中持续存在。我们的研究结果表明,说话者根据他们先前作品在当前环境中所感知到的交际成功来调整他们的发音。我们讨论了为什么说话者会对他们的语音做出适应性改变,以及什么机制可能是说话者这样做的能力的基础。这些结果是在没有明确的澄清要求的情况下获得的,并且在文字和试验中持续存在。我们的研究结果表明,说话者根据他们先前作品在当前环境中所感知到的交际成功来调整他们的发音。我们讨论了为什么说话者会对他们的语音做出适应性改变,以及什么机制可能是说话者这样做的能力的基础。这些结果是在没有明确的澄清要求的情况下获得的,并且在文字和试验中持续存在。我们的研究结果表明,说话者根据他们先前作品在当前环境中所感知到的交际成功来调整他们的发音。我们讨论了为什么说话者会对他们的语音做出适应性改变,以及什么机制可能是说话者这样做的能力的基础。
更新日期:2016-08-01
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