当前位置: X-MOL 学术Biol. Philos. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Social niche construction and evolutionary transitions in individuality
Biology & Philosophy ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2015-11-19 , DOI: 10.1007/s10539-015-9505-z
P A Ryan 1 , S T Powers 2 , R A Watson 1
Affiliation  

Social evolution theory conventionally takes an externalist explanatory stance, treating observed cooperation as explanandum and the positive assortment of cooperative behaviour as explanans. We ask how the circumstances bringing about this positive assortment arose in the first place. Rather than merely push the explanatory problem back a step, we move from an externalist to an interactionist explanatory stance, in the spirit of Lewontin and the Niche Construction theorists. We develop a theory of ‘social niche construction’ in which we consider biological entities to be both the subject and object of their own social evolution. Some important cases of the evolution of cooperation have the side-effect of causing changes in the hierarchical level at which the evolutionary process acts. This is because the traits (e.g. life-history bottlenecks) that act to align the fitness interests of particles (e.g. cells) in a collective can also act to diminish the extent to which those particles are bearers of heritable fitness variance, while augmenting the extent to which collectives of such particles (e.g. multicellular organisms) are bearers of heritable fitness variance. In this way, we can explain upward transitions in the hierarchical level at which the Darwinian machine operates in terms of particle-level selection, even though the outcome of the process is a collective-level selection regime. Our theory avoids the logical and metaphysical paradoxes faced by other attempts to explain evolutionary transitions.

中文翻译:

个性中的社会生态位构建与进化转型

社会进化理论通常采取外在主义的解释立场,将观察到的合作视为被解释者,将合作行为的积极分类视为被解释者。我们首先要问的是,带来这种积极分类的情况是如何产生的。本着 Lewontin 和 Niche Construction 理论家的精神,我们不仅仅是将解释性问题推后一步,而是从外部主义解释立场转向互动主义解释立场。我们开发了一种“社会生态位构建”理论,在该理论中,我们将生物实体视为其自身社会进化的主体和客体。合作进化的一些重要案例具有引起进化过程作用的层次级别变化的副作用。这是因为特征(例如 生命史瓶颈)用于调整集体中粒子(例如细胞)的适应度兴趣也可以减少这些粒子是可遗传适应度方差的承载者的程度,同时增加这些粒子的集体的程度(例如多细胞生物)是可遗传适应度变异的承载者。通过这种方式,我们可以解释达尔文机器在粒子级别选择方面运行的层次级别的向上转变,即使该过程的结果是集体级别的选择制度。我们的理论避免了解释进化转变的其他尝试所面临的逻辑和形而上学悖论。集体中的细胞)也可以减少这些粒子携带可遗传适应度方差的程度,同时增加这些粒子的集体(例如多细胞生物)携带可遗传适应度方差的程度。通过这种方式,我们可以解释达尔文机器在粒子级别选择方面运行的层次级别的向上转变,即使该过程的结果是集体级别的选择制度。我们的理论避免了解释进化转变的其他尝试所面临的逻辑和形而上学悖论。集体中的细胞)也可以减少这些粒子携带可遗传适应度方差的程度,同时增加这些粒子的集体(例如多细胞生物)携带可遗传适应度方差的程度。通过这种方式,我们可以解释达尔文机器在粒子级选择方面运行的层次级别的向上转变,即使该过程的结果是集体级别的选择制度。我们的理论避免了解释进化转变的其他尝试所面临的逻辑和形而上学悖论。我们可以解释达尔文机器在粒子级选择方面运行的层次级别的向上转换,即使该过程的结果是集体级别的选择机制。我们的理论避免了解释进化转变的其他尝试所面临的逻辑和形而上学悖论。我们可以解释达尔文机器在粒子级选择方面运行的层次级别的向上转换,即使该过程的结果是集体级别的选择机制。我们的理论避免了解释进化转变的其他尝试所面临的逻辑和形而上学悖论。
更新日期:2015-11-19
down
wechat
bug