Leptocythere karamani Klie, one of few non-marine species of the family Leptocytheridae (Ostracoda), is redescribed from specimens recently collected from the long-lived Lake Ohrid on the Albanian-Macedonian border. Detailed morphologies of valves and limbs of this species were compared with those of other Ohrid-Prespa leptocytherids, of some recent marine representatives of the genera Leptocythere Sars and Callistocythere Ruggieri from the Mediterranean, Irish and Baltic seas as well as with that of fossil non-marine species from the Miocene palaeo-Lake Pannon belonging to the genera Amnicythere Devoto and Euxinocythere Stancheva. Comparison with other species of Leptocytheridae inhabiting fresh to brackish waters of the Black-Azov, Caspian and Aral seas were also carried out using descriptions provided in the literature. Based on the comparative morphological studies it is shown that L. karamani and other Ohrid leptocytherids have a number of characters distinguishing them from other members of the genus Leptocythere but demonstrating a relationship with species of the genus Amnicythere. The most reliable of these characters are: a) anterior valve vestibulum from where mostly uni-ramified pore canals start, b) the entomodont hinge type with a strong anterior anti-slip tooth, a smooth posterior anti-slip bar on the left valve, and c) the hemipenis with underdeveloped lateral lobe and reduced clasping organ. From this strong evidence, the Ohrid leptocytherid species are allocated to the genus Amnicythere. Finally, a biogeographic scenario on the origin of the Ohrid leptocytherids is proposed which matches the "Lake Pannon derivate hypothesis". Close relationship of the Ohrid Amnicythere species with the non-marine leptocytherid taxa from the Neogene lakes of Central and Eastern Europe and with extant taxa from the Black and Caspian seas may indicate that the Ohrid Amnicythere derived from Lake Pannon species which were able to colonise lakes in Southern Europe through a stepping-stone process and subsequently to adapt to freshwater environment.

中文翻译：

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长寿命奥赫里德湖的 Leptocytheridae 介形类动物：对其分类学分配和生物地理起源的重新评估

Leptocythere karamani Klie 是 Leptocytheridae (Ostracoda) 为数不多的非海洋物种之一，最近从阿尔巴尼亚-马其顿边境长寿的奥赫里德湖采集的标本中重新描述。将该物种的瓣膜和四肢的详细形态与其他奥赫里德-普雷斯帕细叶细胞、最近来自地中海、爱尔兰和波罗的海的一些细叶细胞 Sars 属和 Callistocythere Ruggieri 属的海洋代表以及非化石化石进行了比较。来自中新世古潘农湖的海洋物种，属于 Amnicythere Devoto 和 Euxinocythere Stancheva 属。还使用文献中提供的描述与居住在黑亚速海、里海和咸海的淡水至微咸水的其他种类的 Leptocytheridae 进行了比较。基于比较形态学研究，表明 L. karamani 和其他奥赫里德细细胞具有许多特征，将它们与细细胞属的其他成员区分开来，但与 Amnicythere 属的物种有关系。这些特征中最可靠的是：a) 前瓣前庭从大多数单分支孔管开始，b) 具有坚固的前部防滑齿的昆虫牙铰链型，左瓣上有光滑的后部防滑杆， c) 半阴茎侧叶发育不全，扣紧器官减少。根据这一强有力的证据，奥赫里德细细胞物种被分配到 Amnicythere 属。最后，提出了与“潘农湖衍生假说”相匹配的奥赫里德细细胞起源的生物地理情景。