Treatment of cancer using nanoparticle-based approaches relies on the rational design of carriers with respect to size, charge, and surface properties. Polymer-based nanomaterials, inorganic materials such as gold, iron oxide, and silica as well as carbon based materials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene are being explored extensively for cancer therapy. The challenges associated with the delivery of these nanoparticles depend greatly on the type of cancer and stage of development. This review highlights design considerations to develop nanoparticle-based approaches for overcoming physiological hurdles in cancer treatment, as well as emerging research in engineering advanced delivery systems for the treatment of primary, metastatic, and multidrug resistant cancers. A growing understanding of cancer biology will continue to foster development of intelligent nanoparticle-based therapeutics that take into account diverse physiological contexts of changing disease states to improve treatment outcomes.

中文翻译：

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用于癌症治疗中先进药物递送的智能纳米颗粒。

使用基于纳米颗粒的方法治疗癌症依赖于载体在尺寸，电荷和表面性质方面的合理设计。聚合物基纳米材料，金，氧化铁和二氧化硅等无机材料，以及碳纳米管和石墨烯等碳基材料正被广泛地用于癌症治疗。与这些纳米颗粒的递送相关的挑战在很大程度上取决于癌症的类型和发展阶段。这篇综述重点介绍了开发基于纳米颗粒的方法以克服癌症治疗中的生理障碍的设计考虑因素，以及工程学先进的递送系统用于治疗原发性，转移性和多药耐药性癌症的新兴研究。