Species of Pestalotiopsis occur commonly as plant pathogens, and represent a fungal group known to produce a wide range of chemically novel, diverse metabolites. In the present study, we investigated 91 Pestalotiopsis isolates from the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre (CBS) culture collection. The phylogeny of the Amphisphaeriaceae was constructed based on analysis of 28S nrRNA gene (LSU) sequence data, and taxonomic changes are proposed to reflect more natural groupings. We combined morphological and DNA data, and segregated two novel genera from Pestalotiopsis, namely Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis. The three genera are easily distinguishable on the basis of their conidiogenous cells and colour of their median conidial cells. We coupled morphological and combined sequence data of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial β-tubulin (TUB) and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) gene regions, which revealed 30 clades in Neopestalotiopsis and 43 clades in Pestalotiopsis. Based on these data, 11 new species are introduced in Neopestalotiopsis, 24 in Pestalotiopsis, and two in Pseudopestalotiopsis. Several new combinations are proposed to emend monophyly of Neopestalotiopsis, Pestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis.

拟盘拟盘菌属物种通常作为植物病原体出现，代表已知能产生多种化学新颖、多样化代谢物的真菌类群。在本研究中，我们调查了来自 CBS-KNAW 真菌生物多样性中心 (CBS) 培养物保藏中心的 91 个拟盘拟盘菌分离株。基于 28S nrRNA 基因 (LSU) 序列数据的分析构建了双球菌科的系统发育，并提出了分类学的变化以反映更多的自然分组。我们结合形态学和 DNA 数据，从拟盘拟盘属中分离出两个新属，即新拟盘盘属和拟拟盘盘属。根据分生孢子发生细胞和中分生孢子细胞的颜色，可以轻松区分这三个属。我们将内部转录间隔区（ITS）、部分β-微管蛋白（ TUB ）和部分翻译延伸因子1-α（ TEF ）基因区域的形态学和组合序列数据结合起来，揭示了新拟盘菌属中的30个进化枝和拟盘拟盘属中的43个进化枝。根据这些数据，新拟盘拟盘属引入了 11 个新种，拟拟盘盘属引入了 24 个新种，拟盘拟盘属引入了 2 个新种。提出了几种新的组合来修正新拟盘拟盘属、拟盘盘属和拟拟盘盘属的单系性。