Successes in biomedical research and state-of-the-art medicine have undoubtedly improved the quality of life. However, a number of diseases, such as cancer, immunodeficiencies, and neurological disorders, still evade conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. A transformation towards personalized medicine may help to combat these diseases. For this, identification of disease molecular fingerprints and their association with prognosis and targeted therapy must become available. Quantum dots (QDs), semiconductor nanocrystals with unique photo-physical properties, represent a novel class of fluorescence probes to address many of the needs of personalized medicine. This review outlines the properties of QDs that make them a suitable platform for advancing personalized medicine, examines several proof-of-concept studies showing utility of QDs for clinically relevant applications, and discusses current challenges in introducing QDs into clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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用于个性化医疗的多功能量子点

生物医学研究和最先进医学的成功无疑提高了生活质量。然而，许多疾病，例如癌症、免疫缺陷和神经系统疾病，仍然逃避传统的诊断和治疗方法。向个性化医疗的转变可能有助于对抗这些疾病。为此，必须能够识别疾病分子指纹及其与预后和靶向治疗的关联。量子点 (QD) 是一种具有独特光物理特性的半导体纳米晶体，代表了一类新型荧光探针，可满足个性化医疗的许多需求。这篇综述概述了量子点的特性，这些特性使它们成为推进个性化医疗的合适平台，检查了几项概念验证研究，显示量子点在临床相关应用中的实用性，并讨论了将量子点引入临床实践的当前挑战。