Major experimental and theoretical studies on microcirculation and hemorheology are reviewed with the focus on mechanics of blood flow and the vascular wall. Flow of the blood formed elements (red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells or leukocytes (WBCs) and platelets) in individual arterioles, capillaries and venules, and in microvascular networks is discussed. Mechanical and rheological properties of the formed elements and their interactions with the vascular wall are reviewed. Short-term and long-term regulation of the microvasculature is discussed; the modes of regulation include metabolic, myogenic and shear-stress-dependent mechanisms as well as vascular adaptation such as angiogenesis and vascular remodeling.

中文翻译：

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微循环和血液流变学

回顾了微循环和血液流变学的主要实验和理论研究，重点是血流和血管壁的力学。讨论了血液有形成分（红细胞 (RBC)、白细胞或白细胞 (WBC) 和血小板）在单个小动脉、毛细血管和小静脉以及微血管网络中的流动。综述了成形元素的机械和流变学特性及其与血管壁的相互作用。讨论了微血管系统的短期和长期调节；调节模式包括代谢、生肌和剪切应力依赖性机制以及血管适应，如血管生成和血管重塑。