Fierst J.L., Kübler J.E. and Dudgeon S.R. 2010. Spatial distribution and reproductive phenology of sexual and asexual Mastocarpus papillatus (Rhodophyta). Phycologia 49: 274–282. DOI: 10.2216/09-41.1 Species of the genus Mastocarpus exhibit two distinct life cycles, a sexual alternation of generations and an obligate, asexual direct life cycle that produces only female upright fronds. In the intertidal red alga, M. papillatus (Kützing) sexual fronds dominate southern populations and asexual fronds dominate northern populations along the northeast Pacific coast, a pattern of spatial separation called geographic parthenogenesis. Along the central coast of California, sexual and asexual variants occur in mixed populations, but it is not known whether they are spatially separated within the intertidal zone at a given site. We investigated reproductive phenologies and analyzed patterns of spatial distributions of sexual and asexual M. papillatus at three sites in this region. Sexual M. papillatus were aggregated lower on the shore at two sites and only reproduced during part of a year, while asexual M. papillatus occurred throughout the intertidal range at all sites and reproduced throughout the year. The distribution patterns of sexual and asexual M. papillatus are consistent with a hypothesis of shoreline topography influencing their dynamics of dispersal and colonization. Spatial and temporal partitioning may contribute to the long-term coexistence of sexual and asexual life histories in this, and other, species of Mastocarpus. The occurrence of geographic parthenogenesis at multiple spatial scales in M. papillatus provides an opportunity to gain insight into the phenomenon.

中文翻译：

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有性和无性Mastocarpus papillatus（红藻门）的空间分布和生殖物候


Fierst JL、Kübler JE 和 Dudgeon SR 2010。有性和无性 Mastocarpus papillatus（红藻门）的空间分布和生殖物候学。藻类学 49：274-282。 DOI：10.2216/09-41.1 Mastocarpus 属物种表现出两种不同的生命周期，即世代有性交替和仅产生雌性直立叶的专性、无性直接生命周期。在潮间带红藻中，M. papillatus (Kützing) 有性叶在南部种群中占主导地位，而无性叶在东北太平洋沿岸的北部种群中占主导地位，这种空间分离模式称为地理孤雌生殖。沿着加利福尼亚州中部海岸，有性和无性变异发生在混合种群中，但尚不清楚它们是否在特定地点的潮间带内在空间上分离。我们调查了该地区三个地点的生殖物候并分析了有性和无性 M. papillatus 的空间分布模式。有性乳头海龟聚集在两个地点的海岸下部，并且仅在一年中的部分时间内繁殖，而无性乳头海龟则出现在所有地点的整个潮间带范围内，并且全年繁殖。有性和无性乳头海龟的分布模式与海岸线地形影响其扩散和定殖动态的假设一致。空间和时间的划分可能有助于该乳果属植物和其他乳果属植物有性生活史和无性生活史的长期共存。 M. papillatus 在多个空间尺度上发生地理单性生殖，为深入了解这一现象提供了机会。