Fruit‐feeding butterflies are among the longest lived Lepidoptera. While the use of pollen‐derived amino acids by Heliconius butterflies has been interpreted as important for the evolution of extended lifespans, very little is known about the life‐history consequences of frugivory. This issue is addressed by investigating effects of four adult diets (sugar, sugar with amino acids, banana, and moistened banana) on lifespan and reproduction in the fruit‐feeding butterfly Charaxes fulvescens Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Female butterflies were collected from Kibale National Park, Uganda, and kept individually in cages near their natural habitat and data were collected on lifespan, oviposition, and hatching of eggs. Lifespan in captivity was longer for the sugar and the amino acid cohort, than for the banana cohorts. The longitudinal pattern of oviposition was erratic, with many days without oviposition and few periods with high numbers of eggs laid. Butterflies typically did not lay eggs during their 1st week in captivity and the length of the period between capture and first reproduction was significantly shorter for butterflies fed moistened banana. The length of the reproduction period (first reproduction–last reproduction in captivity) and the reproduction rate (total number of eggs/length of the reproduction period) did not differ significantly between the diet treatments. Those fed with amino acid and moistened banana had significantly higher egg hatchability than those fed with sugar and banana. We found no evidence for a lifespan cost of reproduction. Our results show that (1) female C. fulvescens can use amino acids in their diet for laying fertile eggs, (2) more wing‐wear does correlate with lower survival in captivity (indicating aging in the wild), but not with intensity of reproduction (providing no evidence for reproductive aging), and (3) fruit‐feeding butterflies may be dietary restricted in the field.

中文翻译：

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成虫饮食影响食果蝶Charaxes fulvescens的寿命和繁殖

以果实为食的蝴蝶是最长寿的鳞翅目之一。虽然 Heliconius 蝴蝶使用花粉衍生氨基酸已被解释为对延长寿命的进化很重要，但对食果的生活史后果知之甚少。通过调查四种成年饮食（糖、含氨基酸的糖、香蕉和湿香蕉）对果实喂养的蝴蝶 Charaxes fulvescens Aurivilius（鳞翅目：蛱蝶科）的寿命和繁殖的影响来解决这个问题。从乌干达基巴莱国家公园收集雌性蝴蝶，单独饲养在靠近其自然栖息地的笼子里，收集关于寿命、产卵和卵孵化的数据。糖和氨基酸组的圈养寿命比香蕉组长。产卵的纵向模式不稳定，有很多天没有产卵，产卵量高的时期很少。蝴蝶在被圈养的第 1 周通常不产卵，并且对于喂食湿润香蕉的蝴蝶来说，捕获和第一次繁殖之间的时间长度显着缩短。繁殖期的长度（圈养中的第一次繁殖 - 最后一次繁殖）和繁殖率（卵总数/繁殖期长度）在饮食处理之间没有显着差异。那些饲喂氨基酸和湿润香蕉的蛋孵化率明显高于饲喂糖和香蕉的蛋孵化率。我们没有发现生殖寿命成本的证据。我们的结果表明 (1) 女性 C.