Abstract Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) diagnostic bands are one tool used to differentiate cryptic mosquito species in the Anopheles albitarsis Complex. Monophyly of four species (A. albitarsis Lynch-Arribálzaga, A. albitarsis B, A. deaneorum Rosa-Freitas, and A. marajoara Galvão & Damasceno) currently identified with the RAPD technique was assessed using sequences of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses support monophyly for A. albitarsis s.s., A. albitarsis B, and A. deaneorum. Anopheles marajoara, as identified by RAPD banding patterns, was either polyphyletic or paraphyletic in all phylogenetic analyses. The phylogenetic pattern and within-species genetic distances observed in A. marajoara suggest the existence of a previously unidentified species (species E) in northern Brazil and Venezuela. Diagnostic RAPD bands were unable to distinguish between A. marajoara and species E, probably because of the low number of correlated bands used to identify species and weaknesses of the RAPD technique, in particular, violations of the untested assumption of homology of comigrating bands. A. marajoara (even without species E) is paraphyletic with respect to A. deaneorum; if A. deaneorum is a separate species from A. marajoara, then A. marajoara may consist of two or more species in Amazonian Brazil. Based on mtDNA COI sequences, there are at least four phylogenetic species within the Albitarsis Complex: A. albitarsis s.s., A. albitarsis B, A. marajoara, and species E; the species status of A. deaneorum is ambiguous.

中文翻译：

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Anopheles ( Nyssorhynchus ) albitarsis (Diptera: Culicidae) 复合体中的隐性物种：随机扩增多态性 DNA-聚合酶链反应鉴定和线粒体 DNA COI基因序列分析之间的不一致

摘要 随机扩增多态性 DNA (RAPD) 诊断条带是一种用于区分按蚊复合体中隐匿蚊种的工具。目前使用 RAPD 技术鉴定的四种物种（A. albitarsis Lynch-Arribálzaga、A. albitarsis B、A. deaneorum Rosa-Freitas 和 A. marajoara Galvão & Damasceno）的单一性使用细胞色素氧化酶 I (COI) 的序列进行评估线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 基因。最大简约、最大似然和贝叶斯分析支持 A. albitarsis ss、A. albitarsis B 和 A. deaneorum 的单一性。按 RAPD 条带模式确定的按蚊在所有系统发育分析中要么是多系的，要么是并系的。在 A. 中观察到的系统发育模式和种内遗传距离。marajoara 表明在巴西北部和委内瑞拉存在一种以前未识别的物种（物种 E）。诊断 RAPD 条带无法区分 A. marajoara 和物种 E，可能是因为用于识别物种的相关条带数量少和 RAPD 技术的弱点，特别是违反了未经测试的迁移条带同源性假设。A. marajoara（即使没有物种 E）与 A. deaneorum 是并系的；如果 A. deaneorum 是与 A. marajoara 不同的物种，则 A. marajoara 在亚马逊巴西可能由两个或多个物种组成。根据 mtDNA COI 序列，Albitarsis Complex 内至少有四种系统发育物种：A. albitarsis ss、A. albitarsis B、A. marajoara 和物种 E；A. deaneorum 的物种状态不明确。