Multiplying onion (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum-Group), commonly known as shallot or potato onion, has a long tradition of cultivation in Fennoscandian home gardens. During the last decades, more than 80 accessions, maintained as vegetatively propagated clones, have been gathered from home gardens in all Fennoscandian countries. A genetic analysis showed regional patterns of accessions belonging to the same genetic group. However, accessions belonging to the same genetic group could originate in any of the countries. These results suggested both short- and long-distance exchange of set onions, which was confirmed by several survey responses. Some of the most common genetic groups also resembled different modern varieties. The morphological characterization illustrated that most characters were strongly influenced by environment and set onion properties. The only reliably scorable trait was bulb skin color. Neither our morphological nor genetic results support a division between potato onions and shallots. Instead, naming seems to follow linguistic traditions. An ethnobotanical survey tells of the Fennoscandian multiplying onions as being a crop with reliable harvest, excellent storage ability, and good taste. An increased cultivation of this material on both household and commercial scale should be possible.

中文翻译：

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Fennoscandian家庭花园中倍增洋葱（洋葱Cepa L. Aggregatum-Group）的交换方式。

倍增洋葱（葱属洋葱集团），通常被称为葱或马铃薯洋葱，在芬诺斯堪的纳家庭花园中具有悠久的栽培传统。在过去的几十年中，从芬诺斯堪的纳维亚国家的家庭花园中收集了80多个作为营养繁殖克隆保存的种质。遗传分析显示属于同一遗传组的种质的区域格局。但是，属于同一个基因组的种质可能起源于任何国家。这些结果表明了定居洋葱的近距离和远距离交换，这已得到一些调查答复的证实。一些最常见的遗传群体也类似于不同的现代品种。形态特征表明，大多数字符受环境和定葱特性的强烈影响。唯一可靠的可评分特征是球茎肤色。我们的形态学或遗传学结果均不支持马铃薯洋葱和青葱之间的区分。相反，命名似乎遵循语言传统。一项民族植物学调查表明，芬斯堪的纳维亚人将洋葱繁殖为一种具有可靠收成，出色的储藏能力和良好口感的农作物。在家庭和商业规模上都应该增加这种材料的种植。一项民族植物学调查表明，芬诺斯堪的亚人将洋葱繁殖为一种具有可靠收成，出色的储藏能力和良好口味的农作物。在家庭和商业规模上都应该增加这种材料的种植。一项民族植物学调查表明，芬斯堪的纳维亚人将洋葱繁殖为一种具有可靠收成，出色的储藏能力和良好口感的农作物。在家庭和商业规模上都应增加这种材料的种植。