Forest landscape restoration (FLR) has been adopted by governments and practitioners across the globe to mitigate and adapt to climate change and restore ecological functions across degraded landscapes. However, the extent to which these activities capture CO2 with associated climate mitigation impacts are poorly known, especially in geographies where data on biomass growth of restored forests are limited or do not exist. To fill this gap, we developed biomass accumulation rates for a set of FLR activities (natural regeneration, planted forests and woodlots, agroforestry, and mangrove restoration) across the globe and global CO2 removal rates with corresponding confidence intervals, grouped by FLR activity and region/climate. Planted forests and woodlots were found to have the highest CO2 removal rates, ranging from 4.5 to 40.7 t CO2 ha−1 year−1 during the first 20 years of growth. Mangrove tree restoration was the second most efficient FLR at removing CO2, with growth rates up to 23.1 t CO2 ha−1 year−1 the first 20 years post restoration. Natural regeneration removal rates were 9.1–18.8 t CO2 ha−1 year−1 during the first 20 years of forest regeneration, followed by agroforestry, the FLR category with the lowest and regionally broad removal rates (10.8–15.6 t CO2 ha−1 year−1). Biomass growth data was most abundant and widely distributed across the world for planted forests and natural regeneration, representing 45% and 32% of all the data points assessed, respectively. Agroforestry studies, were only found in Africa, Asia, and the Latin America and Caribbean regions. This study represents the most comprehensive review of published literature on tree growth and CO2 removals to date, which we operationalized by constructing removal rates for specific FLR activities across the globe. These rates can easily be applied by practitioners and decision-makers seeking to better understand the positive climate mitigation impacts of existing or planned FLR actions, or by countries making restoration pledges under the Bonn Challenge Commitments or fulfilling Nationally Determined Contributions to the UNFCCC, thereby helping boost FLR efforts world-wide.

中文翻译：

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森林景观恢复活动的全球二氧化碳清除率。

森林景观恢复（FLR）已被全球各国政府和从业者采用，以缓解和适应气候变化并恢复退化景观的生态功能。然而，这些活动捕获二氧化碳的程度以及相关的气候缓解影响却鲜为人知，特别是在恢复森林生物量增长数据有限或不存在的地区。为了填补这一空白，我们制定了全球范围内一系列 FLR 活动（自然更新、人工林和林地、农林业和红树林恢复）的生物量积累率以及具有相应置信区间的全球二氧化碳去除率，并按 FLR 活动和区域进行分组/气候。研究发现，人工林和林地的二氧化碳去除率最高，在生长的前 20 年中，二氧化碳去除量为 4.5 至 40.7 吨二氧化碳 ha−1 年−1。红树林恢复是去除二氧化碳第二有效的 FLR，恢复后的前 20 年增长率高达 23.1 吨二氧化碳 ha−1 年−1。在森林再生的前 20 年中，自然更新去除率为 9.1–18.8 t CO2 ha−1 年−1，其次是农林业，这是 FLR 类别中去除率最低且区域范围广泛的（10.8–15.6 t CO2 ha−1 年） −1)。人工林和自然更新的生物质增长数据最为丰富且分布广泛，分别占所有评估数据点的 45% 和 32%。农林业研究仅在非洲、亚洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比地区发现。这项研究是迄今为止对已发表的有关树木生长和二氧化碳清除的文献进行的最全面的回顾，我们通过构建全球特定 FLR 活动的清除率来实施该研究。寻求更好地了解现有或计划中的 FLR 行动的积极气候缓解影响的从业者和决策者，或者根据波恩挑战承诺做出恢复承诺或履行《联合国气候变化框架公约》国家自主贡献的国家，可以轻松应用这些比率，从而帮助推动全球 FLR 工作。