The influence of mild perioperative hypothermia on the immune function and incidence of postoperative wound infections has been suggested, but the specific mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to analyze the body temperature, immune function, and wound infection rates in patients receiving open surgery for gastric cancer. Body temperature was controlled in each patient using one of four different methods: wrapping limbs, head and neck; insulated blankets; warming infusion fluids and insulated blankets; and warming fluids without insulated blankets. One hundred patients were randomly divided into four groups of 25 patients each, and every group received a different intraoperative treatment for maintaining normal body temperature. Nasopharyngeal and rectal temperatures, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels, and cluster of differentiation (CD)3+T and CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cell (Treg) counts were measured before surgery and at 2 and 4 hours postoperatively. Patients were evaluated at one week after surgery for signs of infection. Intraoperative body temperature and measures of immune function varied significantly between the four groups, with the largest temperature changes observed in the group in which only the limbs were wrapped in cotton pads to control the body temperature. The lowest temperature change (i.e., close to normal temperature) and cytokine response after surgery were observed in the group in which infusion fluids and transfused blood (if needed) were heated to 37℃, peritoneal irrigation fluid was heated to 37℃, and an insulation blanket was heated to 39℃ and placed under the patient. No intergroup differences were found in the infection rates at one week after surgery. In conclusion, body temperature variation during surgery affects the immune function of patients, and maintaining body temperature close to normal results in the least variation of immune function.

中文翻译：

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胃癌开放手术患者的体温和免疫功能控制。

有人建议进行轻度围手术期低温对免疫功能和术后伤口感染发生率的影响，但具体机制尚不清楚。这项研究旨在分析接受胃癌开放手术的患者的体温，免疫功能和伤口感染率。使用以下四种不同方法之一控制每个患者的体温：包裹四肢，头和脖子；绝缘毯 加热输液和绝缘毯子；和没有绝缘毯的加热液。将100例患者随机分为4组，每组25例，每组均接受不同的术中治疗以维持正常体温。鼻咽和直肠温度，转化生长因子β（TGF-β），白介素10（IL-10）水平，在手术前以及术后2和4小时测量分化（CD）3 + T和CD4 + / CD25 +调节性T细胞（Treg）的簇。术后一星期对患者进行感染迹象评估。四个组之间的术中体温和免疫功能的测量差异显着，在该组中观察到的最大温度变化是仅将四肢包裹在棉垫中以控制体温。在将输注液和输血（如果需要）加热至37℃，腹膜冲洗液加热至37℃，并且将输注液加热至37℃的组中，观察到最低的温度变化（即接近常温）和手术后的细胞因子反应。将隔热毯加热到39℃并置于患者下方。术后1周的感染率未发现组间差异。总之，手术过程中体温的变化会影响患者的免疫功能，保持体温接近正常水平会使免疫功能的变化最小。