An increasing interest has emerged with respect to the importance of microbial diversity in soil habitats. The extent of the diversity of microorganisms in soil is seen to be critical to the maintenance of soil health and quality, as a wide range of microorganisms is involved in important soil functions. This review focuses on recent data relating how plant type, soil type, and soil management regime affect the microbial diversity of soil and the implication for the soil's disease suppressiveness. The two main drivers of soil microbial community structure, i.e., plant type and soil type, are thought to exert their function in a complex manner. We propose that the fact that in some situations the soil and in others the plant type is the key factor determining soil microbial diversity is related to the complexity of the microbial interactions in soil, including interactions between microorganisms and soil and microorganisms and plants. A conceptual framework, based on the relative strengths of the shaping forces exerted by plant and soil versus the ecological behavior of microorganisms, is proposed.

中文翻译：

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土壤中的微生物多样性：按植物和土壤类型选择微生物种群，以及对疾病抑制的影响。

人们对土壤生境中微生物多样性的重要性越来越感兴趣。人们认为土壤中微生物的多样性程度对于维持土壤健康和质量至关重要，因为各种各样的微生物都参与重要的土壤功能。这篇综述集中在有关植物类型，土壤类型和土壤管理制度如何影响土壤微生物多样性及其对土壤病害抑制意义的最新数据。土壤微生物群落结构的两个主要驱动因素，即植物类型和土壤类型，被认为以复杂的方式发挥其功能。我们认为，在某些情况下土壤和其他植物类型是决定土壤微生物多样性的关键因素这一事实与土壤中微生物相互作用的复杂性有关，包括微生物与土壤之间以及微生物与植物之间的相互作用。基于植物和土壤施加的塑造力相对于微生物的生态行为的相对强度，提出了一个概念框架。