Many proteins present on cell surfaces and located in extracellular fluids contain cysteine and methionine residues that are subject to oxidation. These proteins, which include transporters, receptors, and enzymes, respond to variations in the extracellular thiol/disulfide redox environment. Changes in activity of these proteins can alter the ability of organs to function normally and influence processes such as nutritional absorption, secretory function, neurotransmission, and susceptibility to toxicants. In addition, extracellular redox can regulate tissue homeostasis through effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune function. Consequently, extracellular redox can have important influences on health status and disease states and thus could be a target for nutritional interventions.

中文翻译：

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代谢中的细胞外硫醇和硫醇/二硫化物氧化还原。

存在于细胞表面并位于细胞外液中的许多蛋白质都含有半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸残基，这些残基容易被氧化。这些蛋白质，包括转运蛋白，受体和酶，对细胞外硫醇/二硫化物氧化还原环境中的变化做出响应。这些蛋白质活性的改变会改变器官正常运作的能力，并影响营养吸收，分泌功能，神经传递和对毒物的敏感性等过程。此外，细胞外氧化还原可以通过影响细胞增殖，分化，凋亡和免疫功能来调节组织稳态。因此，细胞外氧化还原可能对健康状况和疾病状态产生重要影响，因此可能成为营养干预的目标。