Although more than 30 bacterial avirulence genes have been cloned and characterized, the function of the gene products in the elictitation of resistance is unknown in all cases but one. The product of avrD from Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea likely functions indirectly to elicit resistance in soybean, that is, evidence suggests the gene product is an enzyme involved in elicitor production. In most if not all cases, bacterial avirulence gene function is dependent on interactions with the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) genes. Many hrp genes are similar to genes involved in delivery of pathogenicity factors in mammalian bacterial pathogens. Thus, analogies between mammalian and plant pathogens may provide needed clues to elucidate how virulence gene products control induction of resistance.

中文翻译：

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细菌无毒力基因。

尽管已克隆和鉴定了30多种细菌无毒力基因，但除一种情况外，在所有情况下该基因产物在诱导抗药性中的功能尚不清楚。丁香假单胞菌pv的avrD产物。甘氨酸可能间接起到诱导大豆抗药性的作用，也就是说，有证据表明该基因产物是一种与诱导子产生有关的酶。在大多数（如果不是全部）情况下，细菌无毒力基因的功能取决于与过敏反应和致病性（hrp）基因的相互作用。许多hrp基因类似于哺乳动物细菌病原体中涉及致病因子传递的基因。因此，哺乳动物和植物病原体之间的类比可能提供必要的线索，以阐明毒力基因产物如何控制抗性的诱导。