Kinetochores are multiprotein complexes that assemble on centromeric DNA and mediate the attachment and movement of chromosomes along the microtubules (MTs) of the mitotic spindle. This review focuses on the simplest eukaryotic centromeres and kinetochores, those found in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Research on kinetochore function and chromosome segregation is focused on four questions of general significance: what specifies the location of centromeres? What are the protein components of kinetochores, and how do they assemble a MT attachment site? How do MT attachments generate force? How do cells sense the state of attachment via the spindle assembly checkpoint?

中文翻译：

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酵母发芽动植物的结构，功能和调控。

动植物是在着丝粒DNA上组装并介导染色体沿着有丝分裂纺锤体的微管（MT）附着和移动的多蛋白复合物。这篇评论集中在最简单的真核着丝粒和动植物上，在发芽的酵母中发现了这些。线粒体功能和染色体分离的研究集中在四个具有普遍意义的问题上：什么确定着丝粒的位置？动植物的蛋白质成分是什么，它们如何组装MT附着位点？MT附件如何产生力？细胞如何通过主轴组件检查点检测附着状态？