The apparati behind the replication, transcription, and translation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes are quite different. Yet in both classes of organisms, genes may be organized in their respective chromosomes in similar ways by virtue of similarly acting selective forces. In addition, some gene organizations reflect biology unique to each class of organisms. Levels of organization are more complex than those of the simple operon. Multiple transcription units may be organized into larger units, local control regions may act over large chromosomal regions in eukaryotic chromosomes, and cis-acting genes may control the expression of downstream genes in all classes of organisms. All these mechanisms lead to genomes being far more organized, in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, than hitherto imagined.

中文翻译：

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基因组织：选择，自私和偶然。

原核和真核基因的复制，转录和翻译背后的方式是完全不同的。然而，在这两种生物中，由于相似的选择性作用力，基因可能以相似的方式组织在它们各自的染色体中。另外，一些基因组织反映了每种生物体所独有的生物学。组织级别比简单操纵子更复杂。多个转录单位可以组织成更大的单位，局部控制区域可以作用于真核染色体中的大染色体区域，顺式作用基因可以控制下游基因在所有生物体中的表达。所有这些机制导致原核生物和真核生物中的基因组比迄今为止想象的更加有组织。