Plant systems utilize a diverse array of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) in their biosynthetic and detoxicative pathways. Those P450s in biosynthetic pathways play critical roles in the synthesis of lignins, UV protectants, pigments, defense compounds, fatty acids, hormones, and signaling molecules. Those in catabolic pathways participate in the breakdown of endogenous compounds and toxic compounds encountered in the environment. Because of their roles in this wide diversity of metabolic processes, plant P450 proteins and transcripts can serve as downstream reporters for many different biochemical pathways responding to chemical, developmental, and environmental cues. This review focuses initially on defining P450 biochemistries, nomenclature systems, and the relationships between genes in the extended P450 superfamily that exists in all plant species. Subsequently, it focuses on outlining the many approaches being used to assign function to individual P450 proteins and gene loci. The examples of assigned P450 activities that are spread throughout this review highlight the importance of understanding and utilizing P450 sequences as markers for linking biochemical pathway responses to physiological processes.

中文翻译：

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OFP450S 的功能基因组学

植物系统在其生物合成和解毒途径中利用多种细胞色素 P450 单加氧酶 (P450)。生物合成途径中的 P450 在木质素、紫外线防护剂、色素、防御化合物、脂肪酸、激素和信号分子的合成中起着关键作用。分解代谢途径中的那些参与环境中遇到的内源性化合物和有毒化合物的分解。由于它们在广泛多样的代谢过程中的作用，植物 P450 蛋白和转录物可以作为许多不同生化途径的下游报告者，对化学、发育和环境线索做出反应。本综述最初侧重于定义 P450 生物化学、命名系统、以及存在于所有植物物种中的扩展 P450 超家族中基因之间的关系。随后，它重点概述了用于为单个 P450 蛋白和基因位点分配功能的许多方法。贯穿本综述的指定 P450 活动的例子强调了理解和利用 P450 序列作为将生化途径反应与生理过程联系起来的标记的重要性。