The lignin biosynthetic pathway has been studied for more than a century but has undergone major revisions over the past decade. Significant progress has been made in cloning new genes by genetic and combined bioinformatics and biochemistry approaches. In vitro enzymatic assays and detailed analyses of mutants and transgenic plants altered in the expression of lignin biosynthesis genes have provided a solid basis for redrawing the monolignol biosynthetic pathway, and structural analyses have shown that plant cell walls can tolerate large variations in lignin content and structure. In some cases, the potential value for agriculture of transgenic plants with modified lignin structure has been demonstrated. This review presents a current picture of monolignol biosynthesis, polymerization, and lignin structure.

中文翻译：

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木质素的生物合成。

木质素的生物合成途径已经研究了一个多世纪，但在过去十年中进行了重大修订。通过遗传和结合生物信息学和生物化学方法在克隆新基因方面已取得重大进展。木质素生物合成基因表达改变的突变体和转基因植物的体外酶促测定和详细分析，为重画单木质素生物合成途径提供了坚实的基础，结构分析表明植物细胞壁可以耐受木质素含量和结构的巨大变化。 。在某些情况下，已经证明了具有修饰的木质素结构的转基因植物对农业的潜在价值。这篇评论介绍了单木酚醇的生物合成，聚合和木质素结构的最新情况。