The coupling of fluid dynamics and biology at the level of the cell is an intensive area of investigation because of its critical role in normal physiology and disease. Microcirculatory flow has been a focus for years, owing to the complexity of cell-cell or cell-glycocalyx interactions. Noncirculating cells, particularly those that comprise the walls of the circulatory system, experience and respond biologically to fluid dynamic stresses. In this article, we review the more recent studies of circulating cells, with an emphasis on the role of the glycocalyx on red-cell motion in small capillaries and on the deformation of leukocytes passing through the microcirculation. We also discuss flows in the vicinity of noncirculating cells, the influence of fluid dynamic shear stress on cell biology, and diffusion in the lipid bi-layer, all in the context of the important fluid-dynamic phenomena.

中文翻译：

---

细胞流体力学

在细胞水平上流体动力学和生物学的耦合是一个深入研究的领域，因为它在正常生理学和疾病中起着关键作用。由于细胞-细胞或细胞-糖萼相互作用的复杂性，微循环流动多年来一直是关注的焦点。非循环细胞，尤其是那些构成循环系统壁的细胞，会经历流体动力压力并对其做出生物学反应。在本文中，我们回顾了最近对循环细胞的研究，重点是糖萼对小毛细血管中红细胞运动的作用以及通过微循环的白细胞变形。我们还讨论了非循环细胞附近的流动、流体动态剪切应力对细胞生物学的影响以及脂质双层中的扩散，